Сестринское дело в педиатрии: лист заданий с ответами

Which vaccine has made acute epiglottitis much less common in children?

1. APneumococcal conjugate vaccine
2. BRotavirus vaccine given by mouth
3. CHaemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccine
4. DMeasles–mumps–rubella (MMR) vaccine

The nurse strokes the sole of a 6-month-old's foot and the toes fan out with the big toe extending. What does this mean?

1. AIt is a sign of spinal cord compression
2. BIt shows the baby is in pain
3. CIt is a normal finding at this age
4. DIt shows brain damage and needs a scan

From about what age can whole cow's milk be given as a main drink?

1. AAbout 3 months
2. BAbout 12 months
3. CNot until about 2 years
4. DAbout 6 months

A 2-year-old says "No!" when it is time for his liquid medicine. What is the best approach?

1. AAsk him whether he wants to take his medicine or not
2. BOffer a limited choice, such as the cup or the syringe
3. CWait until he agrees to take it, even if the dose is hours late
4. DTell him he is a bad boy for refusing

A breastfed infant has gastroenteritis with mild dehydration. What should the nurse advise?

1. AContinue breastfeeding, and give oral rehydration solution as advised
2. BGive nothing by mouth for 24 hours
3. CGive diluted fruit juice instead of breast milk
4. DStop breastfeeding until the diarrhoea has completely stopped, then restart slowly

Какая находка у новорождённого указывает на болезнь Гиршпрунга?

1. AОтсутствие отхождения мекония в течение 48 часов после рождения
2. BЛающий кашель
3. CЯрко-жёлтый жидкий стул
4. DФонтанирующая рвота в 4 недели

A 9-year-old with Down syndrome has new neck pain, clumsy walking and changes in bladder control. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AGrowing pains in the legs
2. BAtlantoaxial instability with spinal cord compression
3. CThe normal low muscle tone of Down syndrome getting worse with age
4. DA simple urinary infection causing tiredness

A child has suspected septic shock. Which action is the most time-critical?

1. AStarting antibiotics after the fever has been present for 24 hours
2. BGiving oral antibiotics and reviewing the child again in the morning
3. CWaiting for the blood culture results before starting any antibiotic treatment
4. DGiving IV antibiotics as soon as possible, ideally within the first hour