Сестринское дело в педиатрии: лист заданий с ответами

In an asthma action plan based on peak flow, what does the green zone mean?

1. AThis is an emergency; call for help at once
2. BUse the reliever more often and contact the doctor today
3. CStop the preventer because it is no longer needed
4. DAsthma is under control; continue usual treatment

How is congenital clubfoot (talipes equinovarus) usually treated first?

1. AWaiting until school age and then operating on the bones of the foot
2. BSpecial shoes worn only at night from age 5
3. CGentle manipulation and serial casting (the Ponseti method)
4. DMassage alone, with no casts or braces

Which respiratory rate range is normal for a healthy newborn at rest?

1. AAbout 70 to 100 breaths per minute
2. BAbout 30 to 60 breaths per minute
3. CAbout 12 to 20 breaths per minute
4. DAbout 20 to 25 breaths per minute

A 2-year-old says "No!" when it is time for his liquid medicine. What is the best approach?

1. ATell him he is a bad boy for refusing
2. BAsk him whether he wants to take his medicine or not
3. COffer a limited choice, such as the cup or the syringe
4. DWait until he agrees to take it, even if the dose is hours late

Which signs suggest digoxin toxicity in a child?

1. AIncreased appetite, extra energy and rapid weight gain over a few days
2. BNausea, vomiting, poor feeding and a slow heart rate
3. CHigh fever with a spreading red rash
4. DFast heart rate with high blood pressure

How are feeds usually restarted after a pyloromyotomy for pyloric stenosis?

1. AOnly by nasogastric tube for the first month at home
2. BWith large, full-volume feeds straight away to make up for the weight lost
3. CNot until 10 days after surgery, when the wound has healed
4. DWithin hours, increasing gradually as per protocol; some vomiting can be expected

A child with a head injury now has rising blood pressure, a falling heart rate and irregular breathing. What does this indicate?

1. ADehydration that needs more fluids
2. BA late sign of raised intracranial pressure; an emergency
3. CPain from the injury that needs stronger, regular analgesia
4. DNormal recovery after a head injury

Ребёнок с нефротическим синдромом получает высокие дозы кортикостероидов. Какое указание для семьи самое важное?

1. AНезамедлительно сообщать о лихорадке или признаках инфекции
2. BРезко прекратить стероиды, когда уйдут отёки
3. CПоощрять диету с высоким содержанием соли
4. DВводить живые вакцины во время лечения