Сестринское дело в педиатрии: лист заданий с ответами

Which chromosome pattern causes Turner syndrome?

1. AA single X chromosome (45,X) in a girl
2. BAn extra X chromosome (47,XXY) in a boy
3. CAn extra copy of chromosome 21
4. DAn extra copy of chromosome 18

Which symptoms are classic for new type 1 diabetes in a child?

1. AThirst, frequent urination, weight loss and tiredness
2. BWeight gain, feeling cold and long-standing constipation
3. CA barking cough, fever and a hoarse voice
4. DJoint pain, a rash on the face and hair loss

What should the nurse tell a child about hair loss from chemotherapy?

1. AIt means the chemotherapy is not working
2. BIt happens only if the child washes and brushes the hair too often
3. CIt is usually temporary, and the hair grows back after treatment
4. DIt is permanent, so a wig will always be needed

How should anti-sickness medicine be given to a child receiving chemotherapy that often causes vomiting?

1. AOnly if the child asks for it
2. BOnly at night, when the child is asleep
3. CBefore the chemotherapy starts and then regularly
4. DOnly after the child has already vomited at least twice

A child with ITP has a low platelet count. Which advice is correct?

1. APlay rugby and football as normal to stay active
2. BTake aspirin for any pain to thin the blood
3. CUse a hard toothbrush and floss firmly to keep the gums healthy
4. DAvoid contact sports and medicines such as ibuprofen and aspirin

Which factors can trigger a sickle cell crisis?

1. ASleeping for long periods in a warm room
2. BDrinking plenty of water during hot weather
3. CEating a high-iron diet and taking daily multivitamins
4. DDehydration, infection, cold and low oxygen

Which bedside check is recommended before each feed to confirm the position of a child's nasogastric tube?

1. ACheck that aspirate from the tube is acidic, using the pH limit in local policy
2. BInject air and listen over the stomach for a "whoosh"
3. CAsk the child whether the tube feels comfortable and check the length mark only
4. DPlace the end of the tube in water and look for bubbles

During an insulin infusion for diabetic ketoacidosis, why is potassium monitored closely?

1. APotassium has no role in DKA; it is a routine test only
2. BPotassium is needed to dissolve the insulin in the drip
3. CInsulin causes the kidneys to hold on to potassium, so blood levels rise dangerously
4. DInsulin moves potassium into the cells, so blood potassium can fall sharply