Сестринское дело в педиатрии: лист заданий с ответами

How should a dose of half a milligram be written?

1. A5,0 mg
2. B0,50 mg
3. C.5 mg
4. D0,5 mg

Which finding inside the mouth is typical of early measles?

1. AA thick white coating on the tongue and cheeks that can be wiped off
2. BA bright red "strawberry" tongue with large papillae
3. CPainful blisters on the tongue, gums and palate
4. DKoplik spots: small white spots on the inside of the cheeks

Why are infants and young children more likely than adults to get middle ear infections (otitis media)?

1. AThey make more earwax, which traps bacteria in the middle ear
2. BTheir eardrums are thicker and cannot move with pressure changes
3. CTheir Eustachian tubes are shorter, wider and more horizontal
4. DTheir ear canals are longer and narrower than those of adults

Why should a child with rubella avoid contact with pregnant women?

1. ARubella causes pregnant women to go into labour early
2. BThe child may catch a pregnancy-related infection
3. CPregnant women always develop severe pneumonia if they catch rubella
4. DRubella in early pregnancy can cause serious birth defects

Which medicine may be used to close a patent ductus arteriosus in a preterm baby?

1. AIbuprofen or indomethacin
2. BProstaglandin E1
3. CIntravenous furosemide infusion
4. DSalbutamol

Какая находка указывает на дисплазию тазобедренных суставов у младенца?

1. AЛающий кашель
2. BАсимметричные кожные складки бёдер или ягодиц и ограниченное отведение бедра
3. CО-образные ноги у ребёнка раннего возраста
4. DОдинаковая длина ног, симметричные кожные складки и полное свободное отведение обоих бёдер

Two children with cystic fibrosis are admitted to the same ward. Which precaution is important?

1. APut them in the same room so they can support each other
2. BKeep them apart, not sharing rooms, equipment or play areas
3. CAsk them to do their daily physiotherapy sessions together in the playroom
4. DLet them share airway clearance equipment to save resources

The parents of a 5-year-old refuse a life-saving blood transfusion for religious reasons. What generally happens?

1. AThe nurse gives the transfusion secretly while the parents are out of the room, to save time
2. BThe team must withhold it, because parents always have the final say in every case
3. CRespect beliefs where possible, explore alternatives and seek legal authority if needed
4. DThe team waits until the child is old enough to make the decision for himself