Сестринское дело в педиатрии: лист заданий с ответами

How is cystic fibrosis inherited?

1. AAutosomal dominant
2. BThrough mitochondrial DNA from the mother
3. CX-linked recessive
4. DAutosomal recessive

Which grains must a child with coeliac disease avoid?

1. ARice, maize and potato starch
2. BWheat, barley and rye
3. CBuckwheat, millet and rice
4. DQuinoa, maize and sorghum

Which drug is used to keep the ductus arteriosus open in a newborn with a duct-dependent heart defect?

1. AFurosemide
2. BDigoxin
3. CProstaglandin E1
4. DIntravenous indomethacin

Which group of findings suggests Kawasaki disease?

1. AFever with an itchy vesicular rash that starts on the trunk, spreads outwards and crusts over within days
2. BHigh fever for 3 days, then a pink rash as the fever settles
3. CLow-grade fever, a barking cough and stridor that are worse at night
4. DFever for at least 5 days, red eyes without discharge, cracked red lips and swollen hands and feet

Which statement about patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) for a child is correct?

1. AThe nurse should press it every 5 minutes, day and night, to keep the pain away
2. BOnly the child presses the button, unless a protocol says otherwise
3. CParents should press the button whenever the child is asleep
4. DAny visitor may press it if the child seems uncomfortable

How does hydroxyurea (hydroxycarbamide) help children with sickle cell disease?

1. AIt kills bacteria in the blood and prevents infections
2. BIt increases fetal haemoglobin, which reduces sickling
3. CIt replaces the missing clotting factors
4. DIt removes extra iron after blood transfusions

A 6-year-old has threadworms. Which plan is correct?

1. ATreat only if the child also has a fever
2. BTreat only the child and keep him off school for two weeks until the itching settles
3. CThrow away all the child's clothes and bedding
4. DTreat the whole household, with hand washing, short nails and a morning wash

An infant with heart failure is breathing fast and working hard. Which position helps most?

1. ASemi-upright, with the head and chest raised
2. BFlat on the back with the legs raised
3. CLying flat on the left side only
4. DProne with the head turned to the side