Сестринское дело в педиатрии: лист заданий с ответами

What causes respiratory distress syndrome in preterm babies?

1. AAn allergy to the oxygen used in the incubator
2. BA viral infection caught from the mother
3. CA lack of surfactant in the immature lungs
4. DInhaling meconium-stained fluid during birth

In an asthma action plan based on peak flow, what does the green zone mean?

1. AStop the preventer because it is no longer needed
2. BUse the reliever more often and contact the doctor today
3. CThis is an emergency; call for help at once
4. DAsthma is under control; continue usual treatment

Which teething remedy is generally recommended for infants?

1. AAn amber teething necklace worn day and night
2. BRubbing honey on the gums before sleep
3. CA gel containing the local anaesthetic benzocaine
4. DA clean, chilled (not frozen) teething ring

How is a child's weight status (for example overweight) assessed?

1. ABMI compared with the adult cut-off points
2. BBMI plotted on an age- and sex-specific centile chart
3. CWaist size compared with the parents' waist size
4. DWeight alone, compared with the average weight of children in the same class

A 2-year-old suddenly began coughing while eating peanuts. He now has a wheeze on one side of the chest only. What is most likely?

1. ABronchiolitis
2. BAn inhaled foreign body
3. CA first attack of asthma
4. DViral croup

Which advice is best for a baby with mild nappy rash?

1. AUse tighter nappies so that less urine reaches the skin
2. BWipe with perfumed baby wipes at every change to kill the bacteria on the skin
3. CChange nappies often, clean gently, use a barrier cream and allow nappy-free time
4. DApply talcum powder thickly at every nappy change

A newborn becomes deeply cyanotic within hours of birth and does not improve with oxygen. A prostaglandin infusion is started. What is its purpose?

1. ATo dilate the airways so that oxygen can reach the alveoli
2. BTo keep the ductus arteriosus open so that the two circulations can mix
3. CTo strengthen heart muscle contraction and raise blood pressure
4. DTo close the ductus arteriosus and send all blood through the lungs

A 12-year-old with asthma has been prescribed a preventer inhaler (inhaled corticosteroid) to take every day. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I use my spacer with my inhaler, even at school."
2. B"I stop taking my preventer inhaler whenever I've had a few good days."
3. C"I rinse my mouth after using my preventer inhaler."
4. D"I carry my reliever inhaler with me everywhere I go."