Сестринское дело в педиатрии: лист заданий с ответами

Which finding in the fingers is typical of long-standing cyanotic heart disease?

1. ASwan-neck deformity of the fingers
2. BClubbing of the fingertips
3. CWebbing between the fingers
4. DSpoon-shaped, thin nails

Which clotting factor is missing or low in haemophilia A?

1. AFactor VII
2. BFactor VIII
3. CFactor XIII
4. DFactor IX

What is the main long-term complication of regular blood transfusions in beta-thalassaemia major?

1. ALow platelet count
2. BIron overload
3. CLow blood calcium
4. DVitamin B12 deficiency

Which signs suggest meningitis in a young infant?

1. AA sunken fontanelle with heavy wet nappies
2. BA clear runny nose, a mild cough and normal feeding
3. CA bulging fontanelle, a high-pitched cry, poor feeding and irritability
4. DNeck stiffness and a positive Kernig's sign, as in older children and adults

A child weighs 20 kg. Which minimum urine output suggests adequate kidney perfusion?

1. AAbout 2 mL per hour
2. BAbout 5 mL per hour
3. CAbout 20 mL per hour
4. DAny amount, as long as the child is drinking

A 2-year-old says "No!" when it is time for his liquid medicine. What is the best approach?

1. AWait until he agrees to take it, even if the dose is hours late
2. BTell him he is a bad boy for refusing
3. COffer a limited choice, such as the cup or the syringe
4. DAsk him whether he wants to take his medicine or not

A child with eczema suddenly develops clusters of painful, punched-out blisters and erosions with a fever. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AEczema herpeticum, which needs urgent antiviral treatment
2. BA normal eczema flare that needs more emollient
3. CAn allergic reaction to the emollient
4. DChickenpox, which is mild and needs no specific treatment

A child with sickle cell disease has been exposed to parvovirus B19 (fifth disease). Why is this a concern?

1. AIt can stop red cell production for days and cause severe anaemia
2. BIt causes the sickle gene to become active in the child
3. CIt makes the child immune to all future crises
4. DIt triggers a severe allergic reaction to the virus