Сестринское дело в педиатрии: лист заданий с ответами

К какому возрасту обычно закрывается большой родничок?

1. AПри рождении
2. BК 2–3 месяцам
3. CК 4–6 годам
4. DК 12–18 месяцам

Which measure helps an infant with a cleft palate to feed?

1. AA special bottle or teat, an upright position and frequent burping
2. BFeeding only through a nasogastric tube until school age
3. CThickening every feed with baby cereal from birth onwards to slow the milk
4. DFeeding lying flat to let gravity move the milk along

Which treatment, given early, reduces the risk of heart damage in Kawasaki disease?

1. AIntravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG)
2. BInsulin and fluids
3. CAntiviral medicine such as aciclovir
4. DOral antibiotics for 10 days

How should a parent respond to a 2-year-old's temper tantrum in a safe place?

1. AStay calm, keep the child safe and do not give in to the demand
2. BGive the child the sweet he wants so the tantrum stops
3. CSmack the child to show that tantrums are not allowed
4. DShout loudly at the child to make the tantrum stop sooner

How can the nurse best support a child with autism on a children's ward?

1. AChange the nurse each shift so the child meets more people
2. BExplain all procedures only at the very last minute to avoid days of worry
3. CKeep routines predictable, reduce noise and use visual schedules
4. DPlace the child in the busiest bay near the nurses' station

A newborn has a cephalohaematoma. What should the nurse monitor closely over the next days?

1. AHead circumference twice daily, because it signals hydrocephalus
2. BBlood pressure, because the swelling causes hypertension
3. CJaundice, because the breakdown of the trapped blood adds to bilirubin
4. DUrine colour, because the swelling causes kidney damage

A toddler has burns on both feet and the buttocks, with sharp "stocking" lines and no splash marks. What should the nurse consider?

1. AA skin infection that looks like a burn
2. BSunburn from playing outside in a paddling pool on a hot day
3. CPossible deliberate immersion; follow the safeguarding procedure
4. DAn accidental spill from a cup of tea

The mother of a 6-week-old says the baby cries for hours and she fears she might lose control. What is the best advice?

1. APut the baby safely in the cot, take a few minutes' break and ask for support
2. BHold the baby face down on her lap until he falls asleep, however long it takes
3. CGive the baby a little honey on a dummy to settle him at night
4. DShake the baby gently for a few seconds to stop the crying and calm him