Сестринское дело в педиатрии: лист заданий с ответами

В какой возрастной группе чаще всего возникают фебрильные судороги?

1. AВ первую неделю жизни
2. BВ подростковом возрасте
3. CОт 8 до 12 лет
4. DПримерно от 6 месяцев до 5 лет

Why are infants and young children more likely than adults to get middle ear infections (otitis media)?

1. ATheir eardrums are thicker and cannot move with pressure changes
2. BThey make more earwax, which traps bacteria in the middle ear
3. CTheir ear canals are longer and narrower than those of adults
4. DTheir Eustachian tubes are shorter, wider and more horizontal

Which signs during a newborn's first feed suggest oesophageal atresia with a tracheo-oesophageal fistula?

1. AProjectile vomiting that starts at 4 weeks
2. BA strong suck and rapid weight gain
3. CSleeping through feeds and passing pale stools
4. DCoughing, choking and cyanosis

A child with suspected measles is admitted. Which precaution is most important?

1. AContact precautions only, with gloves
2. BDroplet precautions in a shared bay
3. CNo special precautions once the rash appears
4. DAirborne precautions, ideally in a negative-pressure room

How is a child usually positioned for a lumbar puncture?

1. AFlat on the back with the legs straight and a small pillow under the head
2. BStanding and leaning against the wall
3. COn the side, curled up with knees drawn up and head bent forward
4. DProne with a pillow under the chest

A 2-year-old says "No!" when it is time for his liquid medicine. What is the best approach?

1. AOffer a limited choice, such as the cup or the syringe
2. BWait until he agrees to take it, even if the dose is hours late
3. CTell him he is a bad boy for refusing
4. DAsk him whether he wants to take his medicine or not

A 7-year-old has a high fever, refuses to bear weight and has a warm, very tender area over the lower tibia. Which plan is most likely?

1. AA plaster cast and discharge home the same day
2. BMassage and physiotherapy to loosen the muscle
3. CBlood cultures and prompt IV antibiotics for possible osteomyelitis
4. DRest, ice and an elastic bandage for a sprained ankle, with review in a week

Several family members, including the children, have had headaches, nausea and drowsiness all winter. They feel better when away from home. What should the nurse suspect?

1. ACarbon monoxide poisoning
2. BFood poisoning
3. CMigraine that runs in the family
4. DSeasonal influenza