Сестринское дело в педиатрии: лист заданий с ответами

Why do children with long-standing cyanotic heart disease develop a high red blood cell count (polycythaemia)?

1. ABecause the spleen stops working
2. BBecause the heart makes red blood cells
3. CBecause of too much iron in the diet
4. DTo compensate for chronic hypoxia

How do most preschool children understand death?

1. AAs permanent and something that will happen to everyone
2. BAs an abstract idea they can discuss in depth
3. CAs a purely biological process, explained by science
4. DAs temporary or reversible, like being asleep or away

When can a child stop using a booster seat in the car?

1. AWhen the adult seat belt fits properly across the shoulder and upper thighs
2. BAt 4 years of age, whatever the child's height
3. CWhen the child starts primary school and can sit still for a whole journey
4. DAs soon as the child can fasten the seat belt alone

Which advice best prevents dog bites in young children?

1. ATeach the child to stare into the dog's eyes to show who is in charge
2. BNever leave a young child alone with a dog, even the family pet
3. CChoose a small breed, as small dogs never bite
4. DLet the child hug the dog while it eats so it gets used to children

A parent asks how to care for a child with mild croup at home. Which advice is correct?

1. ALay the child flat in a cool room so the airway can relax
2. BGive an over-the-counter cough syrup every hour until the barking cough stops
3. CKeep the child calm and upright, and get urgent help if there is noisy breathing at rest
4. DHold the child over a bowl of hot, steaming water to loosen the cough

A child's tonic–clonic seizure has stopped and she is drowsy. What should the nurse do?

1. AWake her fully every few minutes and ask her to stand up and walk around
2. BPlace her in the recovery position and monitor airway and breathing
3. CLeave her alone in a dark room to sleep it off
4. DGive her a drink straight away to prevent dehydration

The nurse has taught the parents of a newborn about safe sleep. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"We will put a soft bumper and a pillow in the cot so she is comfortable."
2. B"Nobody will smoke in the house or in the car."
3. C"We will keep her cot in our bedroom for the first months."
4. D"We will put her on her back for every sleep, including naps."

The parents of a 5-year-old refuse a life-saving blood transfusion for religious reasons. What generally happens?

1. AThe team waits until the child is old enough to make the decision for himself
2. BThe nurse gives the transfusion secretly while the parents are out of the room, to save time
3. CThe team must withhold it, because parents always have the final say in every case
4. DRespect beliefs where possible, explore alternatives and seek legal authority if needed