Сестринское дело в педиатрии: лист заданий с ответами

How is Duchenne muscular dystrophy inherited?

1. AIt is not inherited and is caused by an infection
2. BAutosomal recessive, mainly affecting girls
3. CAutosomal dominant, affecting both sexes equally
4. DX-linked recessive, so it mainly affects boys

How should jaundice that first appears within the first 24 hours of life be regarded?

1. AAs harmless as long as the baby is feeding well
2. BAs normal physiological jaundice that needs no follow-up
3. CAs breast milk jaundice that is best treated by stopping breastfeeding
4. DAs pathological until proven otherwise; it needs prompt evaluation

How is congenital clubfoot (talipes equinovarus) usually treated first?

1. AGentle manipulation and serial casting (the Ponseti method)
2. BWaiting until school age and then operating on the bones of the foot
3. CSpecial shoes worn only at night from age 5
4. DMassage alone, with no casts or braces

A newborn is still wet a few minutes after birth. Which heat-loss mechanism is the main concern, and how is it prevented?

1. ARadiation; move the cot close to an outside window
2. BConduction; place the baby on a cold firm surface
3. CEvaporation; dry the baby straight away, including the head
4. DConvection; leave the baby uncovered in a draught

Ребёнку с известной аллергией на яйца пора сделать вакцину против гриппа. Какое утверждение отражает самые современные рекомендации?

1. AВакцину нельзя вводить никому с аллергией на яйца
2. BРебёнку сначала нужна кожная проба с вакциной
3. CРебёнку нужно вводить половину дозы в два разных дня с наблюдением после каждого введения
4. DОдна лишь аллергия на яйца, как правило, больше не является причиной отказа от вакцинации против гриппа

A toddler with hand, foot and mouth disease refuses to drink because of painful mouth sores. What is the priority?

1. APreventing hair loss
2. BTreating the rash with steroid cream
3. CPreventing dehydration
4. DStarting antibiotics

A 2-year-old has swallowed several of his mother's iron tablets. Why is this treated as an emergency even if he looks well?

1. AIron poisoning can cause gut bleeding, shock and liver failure hours later
2. BIron tablets cause an immediate allergic reaction in young children
3. CIron poisoning causes only constipation, which needs an enema
4. DIron tablets dissolve to form a gas that blocks the airway

The nurse has taught the family of a 7-year-old with coeliac disease. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"We will check food labels for wheat, barley and rye."
2. B"He can eat normal bread at weekends if he's strict in the week."
3. C"Plain rice and potatoes are fine for him."
4. D"We will use a separate toaster for his gluten-free bread."