Фармакология: лист заданий с ответами

Psyllium (ispaghula husk) is which type of laxative?

1. AOsmotic
2. BBulk-forming
3. CStool softener
4. DStimulant

Лоперамид применяют для лечения:

1. AДиареи
2. BИзжоги
3. CЗапора
4. DТошноты

Какой путь введения позволяет избежать эффекта первого прохождения через печень?

1. AСвеча, введённая высоко в прямую кишку
2. BРаствор внутрь
3. CВнутривенный
4. DТаблетка внутрь

A patient has oral mucositis after chemotherapy. Which advice is appropriate?

1. AEat spicy and acidic foods to stimulate healing
2. BUse an alcohol-based mouthwash several times a day to kill germs
3. CUse a soft toothbrush and rinse with saline or a bland mouthwash
4. DBrush hard with a firm toothbrush to remove debris

A man takes finasteride. What should be explained about handling the tablets?

1. APregnant women should not handle crushed or broken tablets
2. BAnyone can handle the tablets, as they contain no active drug
3. CThe tablets must be crushed before swallowing
4. DThe tablets must be stored in the fridge

Внутривенный ванкомицин обычно применяют для лечения инфекций, вызванных:

1. AEscherichia coli
2. BMRSA
3. CCandida albicans
4. DPseudomonas aeruginosa

Which statement correctly contrasts donepezil and memantine in Alzheimer's disease?

1. ADonepezil inhibits cholinesterase; memantine blocks NMDA receptors
2. BBoth drugs remove amyloid plaques from the brain
3. CBoth drugs are dopamine agonists that differ only in their half-lives
4. DDonepezil blocks NMDA receptors; memantine inhibits acetylcholinesterase

Which heart failure drug improves symptoms and reduces hospital admissions but has not been shown to reduce mortality?

1. AA mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist such as spironolactone
2. BA beta blocker such as bisoprolol
3. CDigoxin
4. DAn ACE inhibitor