Фармакология: лист заданий с ответами

Which adverse effect of ethambutol requires vision checks?

1. ABleeding in the back of the eye
2. BPermanent dilation of the pupils
3. CCataracts that form within a few days of starting
4. DOptic neuritis, with blurred vision and colour blindness

Передозировка парацетамола в основном повреждает какой орган?

1. AПечень
2. BЛёгкие
3. CСначала почки, потом сердце
4. DСлизистую желудка

Timolol eye drops are used mainly to treat:

1. ADry eyes
2. BCataracts
3. CGlaucoma
4. DBacterial conjunctivitis

Для чего применяют нагрузочную дозу?

1. AЧтобы быстро достичь целевой концентрации в плазме
2. BЧтобы уменьшить побочные эффекты в начале лечения
3. CЧтобы замедлить всасывание препарата
4. DЧтобы проверить аллергическую реакцию

A child is starting methylphenidate for ADHD. Which advice is appropriate?

1. AGive the drug only at weekends
2. BGive the last dose at bedtime to help the child sleep
3. CExpect weight gain as the main side effect
4. DGive doses early in the day and monitor appetite and growth

Пациентам, принимающим метронидазол, обычно советуют избегать:

1. AМолочных продуктов
2. BГрейпфрутового сока
3. CСолнечного света
4. DАлкоголя

A patient taking long-term morphine for cancer pain becomes very sedated with slow breathing. Why is naloxone given in small, diluted doses?

1. ABecause naloxone is much more potent and toxic in patients with cancer
2. BBecause naloxone is toxic to the liver in large doses
3. CTo make the effect of naloxone last longer than morphine
4. DTo restore breathing without causing severe withdrawal and pain

A patient taking metoprolol is also started on verapamil. Which adverse effect is most likely?

1. AHyperkalaemia and muscle weakness
2. BSevere bradycardia and heart block
3. CRebound tachycardia and hypertension
4. DHypoglycaemia and weight gain