Фармакология: лист заданий с ответами

Для лечения какого состояния применяют левотироксин?

1. AДиабета 1 типа
2. BГипертиреоза
3. CБолезни Аддисона
4. DГипотиреоза

How does allopurinol prevent gout?

1. AIt dissolves crystals already in the joint within hours
2. BIt increases the kidney excretion of calcium
3. CIt blocks prostaglandins in the inflamed joint
4. DIt inhibits xanthine oxidase, so less uric acid is made

Mannitol is an osmotic diuretic used mainly to:

1. ATreat high blood pressure long term
2. BRaise serum potassium
3. CReduce raised intracranial pressure
4. DPrevent blood clots

How are most medication doses for children calculated?

1. ABy body weight in kilograms, or sometimes body surface area
2. BBy the child's age in years only
3. CBy giving half of the adult dose to all children under 12
4. DBy the child's height alone

Besides lithium levels, which blood tests are monitored in long-term lithium treatment?

1. AKidney function and thyroid function
2. BINR and fibrinogen
3. CLiver enzymes, serum amylase and lipase
4. DTroponin and CK-MB

A patient with diabetes is sweaty and shaky. Blood glucose is 3,0 mmol/L (54 mg/dL). The patient is awake and can swallow. What should the nurse do first?

1. AGive a large meal high in fat and protein to keep glucose up for longer
2. BGive the next scheduled dose of insulin
3. CGive intramuscular glucagon at once
4. DGive 15–20 g of fast-acting carbohydrate, such as juice

Какая пара нежелательных эффектов характерна для длительного лечения амиодароном?

1. AСухой кашель и ангиоотёк
2. BРазрастание дёсен и избыточный рост волос
3. CОтотоксичность и нефротоксичность
4. DНарушение функции щитовидной железы и фиброз лёгких

A postoperative patient using morphine PCA is very drowsy, hard to rouse and has a respiratory rate of 7 per minute. What should the nurse do first?

1. ALet the patient sleep and recheck in one hour
2. BStop the PCA, try to rouse the patient and give naloxone as per protocol
3. CEncourage the patient to press the button only when awake and in pain
4. DReduce the PCA dose and leave the pump running