Фармакология: лист заданий с ответами

Dextromethorphan is used as:

1. AA nasal decongestant
2. BAn antibiotic for chest infections
3. CAn expectorant that thins mucus
4. DA cough suppressant

Why is vitamin K given to newborn babies?

1. ATo protect against hepatitis B
2. BTo prevent neonatal jaundice in the first week
3. CTo prevent vitamin K deficiency bleeding
4. DTo improve weight gain

In the United States, what does a Schedule II controlled substance mean?

1. AA drug available freely over the counter
2. BA drug with accepted medical use but a high risk of abuse
3. CA drug with almost no risk of abuse
4. DA drug with no accepted medical use and a high potential for abuse

How should oral potassium chloride tablets be taken?

1. ALying down straight after the dose
2. BCrushed and dissolved under the tongue
3. CWith food and plenty of water, swallowed whole if slow-release
4. DOn an empty stomach with only a small sip of water, then lie down

A patient is starting lamotrigine. Which adverse effect should the patient report at once?

1. AA brief change in taste
2. BAny new skin rash
3. CMild headache on the first day
4. DSlight tiredness in the afternoon

A patient takes isoniazid. Which advice is most important?

1. ATake it with antacids to protect the stomach from irritation
2. BStop the drug when the cough improves
3. CExpect the urine to turn orange
4. DAvoid alcohol and report jaundice, dark urine or poor appetite

A patient taking long-term morphine for cancer pain becomes very sedated with slow breathing. Why is naloxone given in small, diluted doses?

1. ABecause naloxone is much more potent and toxic in patients with cancer
2. BTo restore breathing without causing severe withdrawal and pain
3. CTo make the effect of naloxone last longer than morphine
4. DBecause naloxone is toxic to the liver in large doses

Неконкурентный (необратимый) антагонист изменяет кривую «доза — эффект», потому что:

1. AСдвигает кривую влево
2. BДелает кривую круче без других изменений
3. CСдвигает кривую вправо с тем же максимумом
4. DСнижает максимальный ответ