Фармакология: лист заданий с ответами

Ciclosporin and tacrolimus are used mainly to:

1. ATreat bacterial infections after surgery
2. BPrevent rejection of transplanted organs
3. CRelieve acute pain after surgery
4. DLower high blood cholesterol

Which drug is the antidote for magnesium sulfate toxicity?

1. AProtamine sulfate
2. BNaloxone
3. CCalcium gluconate
4. DPotassium chloride

Why do nurses wear chemotherapy-tested gloves and gowns when handling cytotoxic drugs?

1. ATo protect the drug from light
2. BTo avoid exposure to drugs that may cause cancer or birth defects
3. CTo keep the drugs warm during the infusion
4. DBecause cytotoxic drugs are radioactive and give off radiation

Long-term use of metformin can cause a deficiency of which vitamin?

1. AVitamin D
2. BVitamin K
3. CVitamin A
4. DVitamin B12

Как неостигмин увеличивает мышечную силу при миастении?

1. AОн ингибирует ацетилхолинэстеразу, и к рецепторам поступает больше ацетилхолина
2. BОн увеличивает число ацетилхолиновых рецепторов в нервно-мышечном синапсе
3. CОн блокирует аутоантитела к рецептору
4. DОн напрямую стимулирует мускариновые рецепторы в мышце

A patient takes low-dose weekly methotrexate for rheumatoid arthritis. Which monitoring is needed?

1. ARegular blood count, liver and kidney function tests
2. BWeekly INR checks and a monthly ECG to check the heart rhythm
3. CDaily blood glucose checks
4. DMonthly hearing tests

A patient on heparin for 7 days has a platelet count that has fallen by more than half, and a new leg vein thrombosis. What is the most likely cause and the key action?

1. AHeparin-induced thrombocytopenia; stop all heparin
2. BVitamin K deficiency; give vitamin K and continue heparin
3. CNormal dilution of platelets; continue and recheck in a week
4. DWarfarin skin necrosis; switch from heparin to warfarin at once

A drug is ordered at 5 micrograms/kg/min for an 80 kg patient. The infusion contains 1,600 micrograms per mL. What rate in mL/h is needed?

1. A4 mL/h
2. B15 mL/h
3. C25 mL/h
4. D150 mL/h