Фармакология: лист заданий с ответами

Which of these insulins is rapid-acting?

1. AInsulin detemir
2. BInsulin glargine
3. CInsulin lispro
4. DNPH (isophane) insulin

Which of these is an extrapyramidal side effect of antipsychotics?

1. AAkathisia (a feeling of inner restlessness)
2. BAgranulocytosis (a very low neutrophil count)
3. CDry mouth
4. DWeight gain

Fibrates such as fenofibrate mainly lower which blood lipid?

1. ALipoprotein(a) only
2. BTriglycerides
3. CBile acids
4. DHDL cholesterol

A woman taking the combined pill should seek care urgently for which symptom?

1. ASlight nausea in the first few weeks
2. BLight spotting between periods early on
3. CMild breast tenderness in the first month
4. DA painful, swollen calf or sudden chest pain

Why is propranolol usually avoided in patients with asthma?

1. AIt blocks beta-2 receptors in the airways and can cause bronchospasm
2. BIt stimulates alpha-1 receptors in the airways and raises blood pressure
3. CIt causes tolerance to inhaled corticosteroids
4. DIt increases mucus production by blocking histamine

How is adenosine given for supraventricular tachycardia?

1. AAs a slow infusion over one hour
2. BAs a rapid IV push followed by a fast saline flush
3. CAs a tablet under the tongue
4. DAs an intramuscular injection into the outer thigh muscle

A woman with chronic hypertension who takes lisinopril is now pregnant. What is the key concern?

1. ALisinopril works better in pregnancy, so the dose should be increased
2. BLisinopril has no known fetal effects and should be continued
3. CAll antihypertensives must be stopped in pregnancy
4. DACE inhibitors harm fetal kidneys, so a safer drug is used

Why is vincristine labelled "for intravenous use only – fatal if given by other routes"?

1. AIntramuscular injection causes severe and prolonged hypoglycaemia
2. BSubcutaneous injection makes the drug inactive
3. CAccidental intrathecal injection causes fatal ascending neurotoxicity
4. DOral vincristine causes immediate anaphylaxis