Фармакология: лист заданий с ответами

Why is HIV treated with a combination of antiretroviral drugs?

1. ABecause one drug alone causes no side effects
2. BTo make the treatment shorter, usually a few weeks
3. CTo suppress the virus and prevent drug resistance
4. DBecause each single drug cures only part of the infection

Disulfiram is used in alcohol use disorder because it:

1. ARemoves alcohol from the blood faster
2. BCauses an unpleasant reaction if alcohol is drunk
3. CCures liver damage caused by alcohol
4. DReplaces alcohol at its receptors in the brain

Какой орган выводит большинство водорастворимых лекарств и их метаболитов?

1. AКожа
2. BПочки
3. CПечень
4. DЛёгкие

Why should a patient rinse the mouth after using an inhaled corticosteroid?

1. ATo make the drug work faster in the lungs
2. BTo reduce the risk of oral thrush (candidiasis) and hoarseness
3. CTo prevent a fall in blood glucose
4. DTo stop the drug being absorbed too quickly into the blood

1000 mL of IV fluid is to be given over 8 hours with a pump. What rate should be set?

1. A100 mL/h
2. B80 mL/h
3. C125 mL/h
4. D250 mL/h

A patient given haloperidol develops a sudden painful twisting of the neck and the eyes roll upward. Which drug is usually given?

1. AA second dose of haloperidol
2. BNaloxone
3. CDantrolene by mouth to relax the twisted neck muscles
4. DAn anticholinergic such as benzatropine (benztropine)

Which regimen is standard for eradicating Helicobacter pylori?

1. AAn antacid alone, taken after meals and at bedtime for six months
2. BAcid suppression plus at least two antibiotics, often with bismuth, for 14 days
3. CAn H2 blocker taken only when pain occurs
4. DA single dose of an antibiotic given intravenously

A patient on simvastatin is prescribed gemfibrozil. What is the main concern?

1. AA much higher risk of myopathy and rhabdomyolysis
2. BA sharp rise in LDL cholesterol and triglycerides
3. CSevere hypoglycaemia
4. DLoss of all lipid-lowering effect