Фармакология: лист заданий с ответами

Permethrin is used to treat:

1. AScabies and head lice
2. BFungal nail infections
3. CPsoriasis
4. DAcne

Which drug reverses the sedation of a benzodiazepine overdose?

1. AProtamine sulfate
2. BNaloxone
3. CFlumazenil
4. DAtropine

What is the normal serum potassium range in adults?

1. A135–145 mmol/L
2. B3,5–5,0 mmol/L
3. C6,0–7,5 mmol/L
4. D1,5–2,5 mmol/L

How does sucralfate help a peptic ulcer heal?

1. AIt kills Helicobacter pylori directly
2. BIt forms a protective coating over the ulcer base
3. CIt neutralises acid by releasing bicarbonate
4. DIt blocks histamine H2 receptors in the stomach

After naloxone reverses an opioid overdose, why must the patient be watched closely?

1. ANaloxone itself causes respiratory depression at high doses
2. BNaloxone often causes severe low blood glucose a few hours after the dose
3. CNaloxone may wear off before the opioid does, so breathing can slow again
4. DNaloxone makes the opioid stay longer in the body

How should oral potassium chloride tablets be taken?

1. ALying down straight after the dose
2. BOn an empty stomach with only a small sip of water, then lie down
3. CWith food and plenty of water, swallowed whole if slow-release
4. DCrushed and dissolved under the tongue

A patient on weekly methotrexate is prescribed trimethoprim for a urinary infection. What is the main risk?

1. ABone marrow suppression, because both drugs inhibit folate metabolism
2. BLoss of antibiotic effect because methotrexate binds trimethoprim
3. CHypoglycaemia from reduced liver glucose output
4. DSevere hypertension from the combination

Почему ингибитор АПФ может вызвать острое повреждение почек у пациента с двусторонним стенозом почечных артерий?

1. AИнгибиторы АПФ напрямую токсичны для клеток проксимальных канальцев почки
2. BПрепарат кристаллизуется в почечных канальцах
3. CСКФ зависит от сужения выносящей артериолы ангиотензином II
4. DИнгибиторы АПФ сужают приносящую артериолу