Фармакология: лист заданий с ответами

Бесплатный лист заданий для печати по теме «Фармакология»: 8 задач от простых до экзаменационного уровня, с ответами. Распечатайте его или сохраните как PDF.

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1.Лёгкая

Why is adrenaline (epinephrine) sometimes added to a local anaesthetic injection?

  1. AIt constricts vessels, so the block lasts longer and less enters the blood
  2. BIt prevents allergic reactions to the anaesthetic
  3. CIt makes the anaesthetic act on the brain as well
  4. DIt speeds up the removal of the anaesthetic from the tissue into the blood
2.Лёгкая

Naltrexone helps in alcohol use disorder because it:

  1. AReplaces alcohol as a sedative
  2. BCauses vomiting and flushing whenever alcohol is drunk
  3. CSpeeds up the liver breakdown of alcohol
  4. DBlocks opioid receptors, reducing reward and craving
3.Лёгкая

How is pernicious anaemia usually treated?

  1. AWith oral iron tablets for three months, then stopping
  2. BWith blood transfusions every month
  3. CWith folic acid alone
  4. DWith vitamin B12 injections, usually for life
4.Средняя

During adult cardiac arrest, how often is IV adrenaline (epinephrine) usually repeated?

  1. AEvery 3–5 minutes
  2. BEvery 15–20 minutes
  3. COnce only, at the start
  4. DEvery 30 seconds
5.Средняя

How should a hyoscine (scopolamine) patch for motion sickness be used?

  1. ASwallow it if no water is available
  2. BApply it to the chest only after the vomiting has started
  3. CCut it in half for children without advice
  4. DApply it behind the ear several hours before travel
6.Средняя

Bethanechol may be used for non-obstructive urinary retention. How does it work?

  1. AIt blocks muscarinic receptors and relaxes the bladder wall muscle
  2. BIt increases urine production in the kidney
  3. CIt stimulates muscarinic receptors and contracts the bladder muscle
  4. DIt shrinks the prostate gland
7.Сложная

A man on long-term testosterone therapy has a rising haematocrit. Why is this important?

  1. AIt is a sign of liver failure caused by testosterone
  2. BTestosterone raises red cell production, increasing clot risk
  3. CIt means the testosterone dose is too low
  4. DA high haematocrit shows that the testosterone is not being absorbed
8.Сложная

Why is vincristine labelled "for intravenous use only – fatal if given by other routes"?

  1. AOral vincristine causes immediate anaphylaxis
  2. BIntramuscular injection causes severe and prolonged hypoglycaemia
  3. CSubcutaneous injection makes the drug inactive
  4. DAccidental intrathecal injection causes fatal ascending neurotoxicity

Ответы

  1. 1. A · It constricts vessels, so the block lasts longer and less enters the blood
  2. 2. D · Blocks opioid receptors, reducing reward and craving
  3. 3. D · With vitamin B12 injections, usually for life
  4. 4. A · Every 3–5 minutes
  5. 5. D · Apply it behind the ear several hours before travel
  6. 6. C · It stimulates muscarinic receptors and contracts the bladder muscle
  7. 7. B · Testosterone raises red cell production, increasing clot risk
  8. 8. D · Accidental intrathecal injection causes fatal ascending neurotoxicity

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