Фармакология: лист заданий с ответами

Статины, например аторвастатин, снижают холестерин, ингибируя какой фермент?

1. AАнгиотензинпревращающий фермент
2. BГМГ-КоА-редуктазу
3. CЦиклооксигеназу
4. DЛипопротеинлипазу

How do local anaesthetics such as lidocaine block pain?

1. AThey activate opioid receptors in the spinal cord
2. BThey block prostaglandin synthesis at the injury site
3. CThey enhance the action of GABA in the brain and spinal cord
4. DThey block voltage-gated sodium channels in nerve membranes

Which of these is one of the classic "rights" of medication administration?

1. ARight route
2. BRight price
3. CRight pharmacy
4. DRight brand

Which statement about allopurinol is correct?

1. AIt is taken only during an acute attack and stopped as soon as the pain settles
2. BIt increases uric acid production to flush out crystals
3. CIt lowers uric acid over time and does not relieve the pain of an acute attack
4. DIt works within an hour to relieve joint pain

Which adverse effect of doxorubicin requires monitoring of heart function?

1. ARapid rise in cholesterol
2. BSevere hypertension during the infusion itself
3. CPericarditis caused by infection
4. DCumulative heart muscle damage leading to heart failure

Какой признак типичен для опиоидной интоксикации?

1. AВысокая температура тела
2. BЧастое глубокое дыхание
3. CСильно расширенные зрачки
4. DТочечные зрачки

A patient develops a dry cough on an ACE inhibitor and is switched to losartan. Why is losartan less likely to cause cough?

1. AIt also acts as a bronchodilator
2. BIt does not block the breakdown of bradykinin
3. CIt blocks histamine receptors in the airways
4. DIt is excreted faster by the kidney

У фермера, подвергшегося воздействию фосфорорганического пестицида, узкие зрачки, обильное слюноотделение, потливость, бронхиальная секреция и брадикардия. Каков механизм?

1. AИзбыточное высвобождение норадреналина
2. BБлокада ГАМК-A-рецепторов
3. CИнгибирование ацетилхолинэстеразы
4. DБлокада мускариновых рецепторов