ใบงาน เภสัชวิทยา พร้อมเฉลย

Why is adrenaline (epinephrine) sometimes added to a local anaesthetic injection?

1. AIt speeds up the removal of the anaesthetic from the tissue into the blood
2. BIt prevents allergic reactions to the anaesthetic
3. CIt makes the anaesthetic act on the brain as well
4. DIt constricts vessels, so the block lasts longer and less enters the blood

Which of these is a live attenuated vaccine?

1. AHepatitis B vaccine
2. BTetanus toxoid
3. CMMR (measles, mumps and rubella)
4. DInactivated influenza injection

What does "polypharmacy" mean?

1. AUsing a drug at a very high dose
2. BA pharmacy that stocks many different brands of the same drug
3. CTaking one drug in several different forms
4. DThe use of many medicines at the same time, often five or more

Which drug is used for torsades de pointes?

1. AIntravenous adenosine (rapid push)
2. BIntravenous magnesium sulfate
3. CIntravenous verapamil
4. DOral digoxin

What should the nurse teach a patient about taking levothyroxine?

1. ATake it only on days when feeling tired
2. BTake it on an empty stomach, 30–60 minutes before breakfast
3. CTake it with milk at dinner, as calcium protects the stomach lining
4. DTake it together with the iron tablet to save time

A person who has never been vaccinated against tetanus has a deep, dirty wound. What is usually given?

1. ATetanus vaccine and tetanus immunoglobulin
2. BOral antibiotics only
3. CNo treatment unless symptoms appear
4. DTetanus vaccine only, after the wound heals

A noradrenaline infusion is running through a peripheral cannula. The skin around the site becomes pale, cold and hard. What should the nurse do?

1. AIncrease the rate to improve blood flow to the area
2. BApply heat and massage the area, then continue the infusion
3. CLeave the infusion running and recheck in 4 hours
4. DStop the infusion at that site and follow the extravasation protocol

A nurse gave a patient ten times the prescribed dose of hydromorphone. The patient is currently alert. What is the most appropriate sequence of actions?

1. AChange the chart so that it shows the correct dose, and continue to monitor
2. BSay nothing because the patient is alert
3. CGive another dose later to balance it out
4. DMonitor closely, have naloxone ready, inform the prescriber and report