Cevaplı Dahili-cerrahi: kardiyovasküler ve solunum çalışma kâğıdı

Which of these is one of the reversible causes of cardiac arrest known as the "4 Hs"?

1. AHypertension
2. BHyperventilation
3. CHypoxia
4. DHyperglycaemia

How does CPAP help in obstructive sleep apnoea?

1. AIt removes carbon dioxide through a filter
2. BIt delivers a drug that relaxes the airway muscles overnight
3. CIt slows the breathing rate during sleep
4. DConstant positive pressure holds the upper airway open

Hangi bulgu grubu karbondioksit retansiyonunu (hiperkapni) düşündürür?

1. AUyku hali, baş ağrısı, kızarmış cilt ve sıçrayıcı nabız
2. BSoluk, soğuk, nemli cilt ve zayıf, ipliksi nabız
3. CNokta büyüklüğünde pupiller ve çok yavaş kalp hızı
4. DHızlı solunum döneminden sonra parmaklarda ve dudaklarda karıncalanma

After varicose vein surgery, which advice is usually given?

1. AAvoid all walking until the bruising has gone
2. BWear the compression stockings as advised and walk regularly
3. CStay in bed for two weeks with the legs hanging down
4. DStand still for long periods to help the veins heal

Before the first treatment dose of a low-molecular-weight heparin for a PE, what does the nurse need to make sure of?

1. AAn accurate, recent body weight is recorded
2. BThe patient's blood glucose is above 10 mmol/L (180 mg/dL)
3. CThe patient has fasted for 12 hours
4. DA chest drain is in place

Why is a higher level of HDL cholesterol considered protective?

1. AHDL is converted into vitamin D in the walls of the arteries
2. BHDL carries cholesterol from the tissues back to the liver
3. CHDL thins the blood in the same way as an anticoagulant
4. DHDL lowers the blood pressure directly

%28 Venturi maskesi kullanan KOAH'lı bir hasta (SpO₂ %90) yemek yemek istiyor. En uygun plan nedir?

1. AVenturi maskesini takılı tutup yalnızca pipetle sıvı vermek
2. BSpO₂'yi %88–92'de tutarak düşük akışlı nazal kanüle geçmek
3. CYemek sırasında 15 L/dk non-rebreather maskeye geçmek
4. DYemek sırasında tüm oksijeni kesip sonra geri takmak

A patient with lung cancer develops swelling of the face and arms, distended neck and chest veins and breathlessness that is worse when bending forward. What is the most likely cause?

1. AA deep vein thrombosis in the leg
2. BSuperior vena cava obstruction
3. CRight-sided heart failure
4. DAn allergic reaction to chemotherapy