Cevaplı Dahili-cerrahi: kardiyovasküler ve solunum çalışma kâğıdı

Tepe akım ölçer neyi ölçer?

1. AAkciğerlerin alabildiği toplam hava hacmini
2. BBir kişinin dakikada kaç nefes aldığını
3. CKanın oksijen satürasyonunu
4. DBir kişinin üfleyebildiği en yüksek hava akım hızını

What should patients starting rifampicin (rifampin) be told about their urine, sweat and tears?

1. AThey may turn black, which means bleeding
2. BThey may turn green, which means infection
3. CThey may turn orange-red, which is harmless
4. DThey will become completely colourless

What is atelectasis?

1. ACollapse of part of the lung so the alveoli contain no air
2. BFluid in the space around the lung
3. CNarrowing of the airways caused by spasm of smooth muscle
4. DInfection of the lung tissue causing the alveoli to fill with pus

A patient taking simvastatin drinks a large glass of grapefruit juice every morning. Why is this a concern?

1. AIt turns the statin into a blood thinner
2. BIt raises statin levels and the risk of muscle damage
3. CIt causes the cholesterol level to rise sharply
4. DIt stops the statin from being absorbed from the gut at all

A patient has a heart rate of 36/min with hypotension and dizziness. Which drug is usually the first choice?

1. AIntravenous atropine
2. BOral bisoprolol
3. CIntravenous amiodarone
4. DIntravenous adenosine

During an episode of chest pain, a patient's ECG shows new horizontal ST depression. What does this most likely indicate?

1. AMyocardial ischaemia
2. BA normal finding during pain
3. CPericarditis
4. DHyperkalaemia

A ventilated patient suddenly desaturates to 82%. The cause is not obvious and the ventilator alarms are sounding. What should the nurse do first?

1. AChange the ventilator settings to a higher rate
2. BDisconnect and hand-ventilate with 100% oxygen while calling for help
3. CSilence the alarm and wait for the result of the next routine blood gas
4. DIncrease the sedation and watch the monitor for the next half hour

Minutes after an IV antibiotic is started, a patient has wheeze, swollen lips, a rash and BP 78/44 mmHg. The infusion has been stopped and help called. What is the next priority?

1. AGive an oral antihistamine tablet and observe for an hour
2. BGive intramuscular adrenaline (epinephrine)
3. CGive a nebulised salbutamol dose only
4. DRestart the infusion at a slower rate