Cevaplı Dahili-cerrahi: sindirim sistemi, perioperatif ve onkoloji çalışma kâğıdı

What is the usual adult reference range for platelets?

1. AAbout 4–11 × 10⁹/L
2. BAbout 150–400 × 10⁹/L
3. CAbout 15–40 × 10⁹/L
4. DAbout 1500–4000 × 10⁹/L

İyileşen bir yarada hangi doku kırmızı, nemli ve granüler görünür?

1. ASarı slough dokusu
2. BKuru eskar
3. CNekrotik doku
4. DGranülasyon dokusu

Why are patients advised to stop smoking before surgery?

1. AIt lowers the risk of chest and wound complications
2. BIt stops patients from feeling hungry while fasting
3. CIt makes the anaesthetic work for a shorter time
4. DIt is needed so that consent forms are valid

Why is it important to prevent perioperative hypothermia?

1. AIt reduces the amount of anaesthetic needed, which is unsafe
2. BIt makes patients wake up from the anaesthetic too quickly
3. CIt lowers the risk of pain after surgery
4. DIt increases bleeding, wound infection and heart complications

Which factor can precipitate hepatic encephalopathy in a patient with cirrhosis?

1. AA high fluid intake
2. BRegular gentle walking
3. CA low-salt diet
4. DConstipation

Which finding means a patient is usually ready to leave recovery for the ward?

1. AStill drowsy and needing a jaw thrust to breathe
2. BAwake, with a clear airway, stable observations and controlled pain
3. CSystolic BP falling steadily over the last hour, with a rising pulse rate
4. DPain score 9/10 and vomiting repeatedly

Hours after an oesophageal dilatation, a patient has chest pain, fever and crackling swelling under the skin of the neck. What should the nurse suspect?

1. ASimple reflux after the dilatation
2. BNormal discomfort after the procedure
3. COesophageal perforation
4. DAn allergic reaction to the sedative

A patient with a toe ulcer says the leg pain is worse at night and eases when they hang the leg over the side of the bed. What does this suggest?

1. ANeuropathic itching
2. BLymphoedema
3. CArterial insufficiency
4. DVenous insufficiency