Cevaplı Dahili-cerrahi: sindirim sistemi, perioperatif ve onkoloji çalışma kâğıdı

Kültür için yara sürüntüsü alınmadan hemen önce ne yapılmalıdır?

1. AAntiseptik uygulayıp tamamen kurumasını beklemek
2. BEski pansumanı bir tam gün daha yerinde bırakmak
3. CYüzeydeki artıkları gidermek için serum fizyolojikle temizlemek
4. DSürüntüyü kuru pansumanın kendisinden almak

Ameliyat sonrası hızlandırılmış iyileşme (ERAS) nedir?

1. AHiç anestezi gerektirmeyen bir cerrahi teknik
2. BHastaların üç gün yatakta kalması gerektiğini söyleyen bir kural
3. CHastaların ameliyattan sonra daha hızlı iyileşmesine yardımcı olan bir bakım yolu
4. DTüm ilaçları damardan verme yöntemi

What does standard H. pylori eradication therapy usually combine?

1. AAn antacid and a single antifungal drug
2. BA steroid and an antiviral drug
3. CA proton pump inhibitor and two antibiotics
4. DTwo NSAIDs and a stimulant laxative for one month

Which intervention most reduces pressure ulcer risk in an immobile patient?

1. AUsing a doughnut-shaped ring cushion
2. BKeeping the head of the bed raised at 90° all day
3. CRegular repositioning and a pressure-redistributing mattress
4. DMassaging red areas firmly at each turn to bring back the circulation

Which instruction is important during bowel preparation for colonoscopy?

1. AEat a high-fibre meal the evening before the test
2. BTake the preparation only if the bowels have not opened
3. CAvoid all fluids for 24 hours before the test
4. DDrink plenty of clear fluids while taking the preparation

Why is a gastrostomy tube with an internal bumper usually advanced and rotated regularly once the tract has healed?

1. ATo make the tube longer as the patient grows or gains weight
2. BTo check that the patient is still hungry
3. CTo remove any feed left in the stomach
4. DTo stop the inner bumper becoming buried in the stomach wall

Why is an SGLT2 inhibitor such as dapagliflozin usually withheld before surgery?

1. AIt causes the surgical wound to bleed more
2. BIt interacts with all general anaesthetic gases and stops them working
3. CIt makes the patient's potassium dangerously high
4. DIt raises the risk of ketoacidosis, even with near-normal glucose

Two days after a PEG insertion, a patient reports pain on feeding, and feed is leaking around the site. What should the nurse do?

1. AIncrease the feed rate to improve nutrition
2. BStop the feed at once and seek urgent medical advice
3. CGive the next medicines through the tube as usual
4. DContinue feeding and apply a thicker dressing