Cevaplı Dahili-cerrahi: sindirim sistemi, perioperatif ve onkoloji çalışma kâğıdı

How is hepatitis B mainly spread?

1. AOnly by coughing and sneezing
2. BOnly by eating undercooked shellfish from polluted water
3. CThrough touching door handles and shaking hands
4. DThrough blood, sexual contact and from mother to baby

Which is a main benefit of early mobilisation after surgery?

1. AIt prevents all postoperative pain
2. BFaster absorption of the anaesthetic gas
3. CLess need to check the wound at all
4. DLower risk of chest infection and blood clots

What is the Braden scale (or a similar tool such as Waterlow) used for?

1. AMeasuring a patient's level of consciousness
2. BScoring the severity of nausea
3. CGrading the depth of a burn wound before dressing it
4. DAssessing the risk of developing pressure ulcers

Which diet is usually recommended for a patient with cirrhosis and hepatic encephalopathy?

1. AOnly clear fluids for several weeks
2. BNormal protein and enough calories, with a late-evening snack
3. CA very low-protein diet for the rest of their life to lower ammonia
4. DNo food at all until the confusion settles

Which complication is more typical of Crohn's disease than of ulcerative colitis?

1. ADisease that is cured by removing the colon
2. BFistulas between the bowel and other organs
3. CInflammation limited to the rectal lining
4. DBleeding only from the rectum

What is anticipatory nausea in chemotherapy?

1. ANausea that starts about a week after each cycle and lasts for days
2. BNausea caused only by the smell of food
3. CNausea caused by low blood glucose
4. DNausea triggered by reminders of treatment before it is given

A nurse teaches a carer about overnight tube feeding at home. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I'll stop the feed and call if he coughs or struggles to breathe."
2. B"I'll check the external length mark on the tube every day."
3. C"I'll let him lie flat so he sleeps better while the feed runs."
4. D"I'll flush the tube with water before and after his medicines."

A patient has an implanted port for chemotherapy. Which needle is used to access it?

1. AA standard hollow needle used for venepuncture
2. BA wide-bore cannula with a steel stylet
3. CAn intramuscular injection needle
4. DA non-coring (Huber) needle