Cevaplı Dahili-cerrahi: sindirim sistemi, perioperatif ve onkoloji çalışma kâğıdı

In TNM staging of cancer, what does "N" describe?

1. AThe number of tumours in the body
2. BThe nerve damage caused by the tumour
3. CThe new cells formed after treatment
4. DSpread to nearby lymph nodes

What does the ASA physical status classification describe?

1. AThe type of anaesthetic drug the surgeon prefers
2. BThe exact length of the planned operation
3. CThe patient's general health before anaesthesia
4. DThe patient's pain score after surgery

What is the main purpose of marking the surgical site before an operation?

1. ATo prevent surgery on the wrong side or site
2. BTo tell the porter which theatre to go to
3. CTo record the patient's allergy status
4. DTo show where the skin should be shaved

Which advice helps prevent dumping syndrome after gastrectomy?

1. AA high-sugar diet with fruit juice to keep energy levels up
2. BSmall, frequent meals low in simple sugars, with fluids between meals
3. CThree large meals a day with plenty of sweet drinks with each meal
4. DSit upright and walk briskly straight after every meal

Which wound drain observation should be reported immediately?

1. AA sudden large volume of fresh red blood
2. BA little dried blood around the drain site
3. CDrainage slowly falling each day
4. DSmall amounts of pink serous fluid

Anestezi sırasında malign hipertermin çoğu zaman en erken bulgusu nedir?

1. AKızarmış cilt ve düşen CO₂ düzeyi
2. BVücut sıcaklığında düzenli düşüş
3. CAçıklanamayan end-tidal CO₂ artışı
4. DKalp hızında yavaşlama ve düşük kan basıncı

After surgery, a patient says they have "no pain" but grimaces, breathes shallowly and refuses to move or cough. What should the nurse do?

1. AAccept the statement and record a pain score of 0
2. BTell the patient firmly that they must stop hiding their pain from staff
3. CExplore their beliefs and explain how analgesia aids recovery
4. DInsist they walk without any analgesia

Ağır akut pankreatitin 2. gününde bir hastada nefes darlığı, SpO₂ %88 ve akciğer grafisinde bilateral infiltratlar gelişiyor. Hangi komplikasyon en olasıdır?

1. ASpontan tansiyon pnömotoraks
2. BAkut ağır astım atağı
3. CYabancı cisim aspirasyonu
4. DAkut solunum sıkıntısı sendromu (ARDS)