Cevaplı Dahili-cerrahi: sindirim sistemi, perioperatif ve onkoloji çalışma kâğıdı

Which statement about hepatitis C is correct?

1. AIt is spread mainly through blood, and there is no vaccine
2. BIt is spread mainly by food, and a vaccine is given to babies
3. CIt can be treated only with a liver transplant
4. DIt always clears by itself within two weeks

What does a faecal immunochemical test (FIT) detect?

1. ABacteria that cause food poisoning
2. BFat in the stool from poor absorption
3. CParasites and their eggs in the stool
4. DHidden human blood in the stool

Which statement describes moderate ("conscious") sedation?

1. AThe patient needs a ventilator to breathe
2. BThe patient is drowsy but responds to voice or light touch
3. CThe patient cannot be roused by any stimulus, even a painful one
4. DThe patient is fully alert and anxious

Which presentation fits acute diverticulitis?

1. APainless jaundice with a palpable gallbladder
2. BCentral chest pain spreading to the left arm
3. CRight upper abdominal pain after fatty meals
4. DLeft lower abdominal pain, fever and a raised CRP

Which neutrophil count indicates severe neutropenia?

1. AAbove 10 × 10⁹/L
2. BBelow 7,5 × 10⁹/L
3. CAbove 2,0 × 10⁹/L
4. DBelow 0,5 × 10⁹/L

Which task for a stable patient with an established ileostomy can usually be delegated to a trained healthcare assistant (nursing assistant)?

1. ATeaching the patient about high-output risks
2. BEmptying the pouch and measuring the output
3. CDeciding whether IV fluids are needed
4. DAssessing the stoma for signs of necrosis

A patient's ileostomy output is 2,5 L a day. They feel tired and dizzy and are drinking large amounts of water. Which advice is usually appropriate?

1. AEat only fruit and fruit juice
2. BLimit plain drinks and use an oral rehydration solution
3. CStop all drinking for 24 hours
4. DDrink even more plain water and tea to replace the losses

A patient with haematemesis becomes drowsy and starts to vomit blood again. What is the immediate priority?

1. AComplete the admission paperwork and medication history
2. BSend a stool sample for faecal occult blood testing
3. CGive a large glass of iced water to slow the bleeding
4. DTurn the patient onto their side to protect the airway