Cevaplı Dahili-cerrahi: sindirim sistemi, perioperatif ve onkoloji çalışma kâğıdı

Which electrolyte typically falls in refeeding syndrome?

1. APhosphate
2. BChloride
3. CSodium
4. DCalcium

What does "coffee-ground" vomit usually indicate?

1. ABlood that has been partly digested by stomach acid
2. BUndigested food from several days ago
3. CBile coming back from an obstructed small bowel
4. DA side effect of drinking strong coffee

Yüksek gelirli ülkelerde erişkinlerde ince bağırsak tıkanıklığının en sık nedeni nedir?

1. AYutulan yabancı cisimler
2. BÖnceki cerrahiye bağlı yapışıklıklar (adezyonlar)
3. CKolorektal kanser
4. DSafra kesesi boynuna yerleşen safra taşları

Why might a patient's platelet count be monitored while they receive heparin?

1. ATo check whether the heparin is causing anaemia
2. BTo detect heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
3. CTo measure the heparin dose in the blood exactly
4. DTo see whether the patient has an infection

Why are patients with diabetes often placed early on the operating list?

1. ATo shorten fasting and reduce swings in blood glucose
2. BBecause they need to go home before midday
3. CBecause their wounds heal faster in the morning
4. DBecause their surgery always takes longer than others

Why is blood lactate measured when sepsis is suspected?

1. AA raised level suggests poor tissue perfusion
2. BIt measures the effect of antibiotics on the kidney
3. CIt replaces the need for blood cultures
4. DIt shows which bacteria are causing the infection

After surgery, a patient keeps asking for analgesia before it is due, watches the clock and rates pain 8/10. What is the most appropriate interpretation?

1. APain may be undertreated; reassess and ask for a review of the plan
2. BThe patient needs only distraction and no change in drugs
3. CThe patient is addicted and should have analgesia withheld
4. DThe patient is exaggerating, so the pain scores should be ignored for now

A patient with haematemesis becomes drowsy and starts to vomit blood again. What is the immediate priority?

1. ATurn the patient onto their side to protect the airway
2. BComplete the admission paperwork and medication history
3. CSend a stool sample for faecal occult blood testing
4. DGive a large glass of iced water to slow the bleeding