Cevaplı Dahili-cerrahi: sindirim sistemi, perioperatif ve onkoloji çalışma kâğıdı

What is atelectasis?

1. ASwelling of both ankles caused by lying in bed after surgery
2. BInfection of the surgical wound
3. CA blood clot in a leg vein
4. DCollapse of small air sacs in part of the lung

Why should rings, watches and tight clothing be removed early after a burn to the arm?

1. AThey make the burn look worse in photographs
2. BThey interfere with the rule of nines calculation of burn size
3. CMetal items always cause infection in burns
4. DSwelling may follow, and they could cut off the circulation

What does black tissue in a wound bed usually indicate?

1. AHealthy granulation tissue
2. BNew epithelial cells
3. CNecrotic (dead) tissue
4. DNormal blood clot from a fresh cut

How does sucralfate help a peptic ulcer heal?

1. AIt kills H. pylori in the stomach lining
2. BIt forms a protective coating over the ulcer base
3. CIt speeds up emptying of the stomach
4. DIt blocks histamine receptors on parietal cells

Why should metoclopramide not be used for nausea in mechanical bowel obstruction?

1. AIt blocks the effect of all opioids
2. BIt makes the bowel stop moving completely
3. CIt always causes severe diarrhoea
4. DIt increases gut movement against the blockage

Why are urinary catheters removed as early as possible after surgery?

1. ABecause patients cannot drink normally while a catheter is in place
2. BBecause the catheter stops the bowel working
3. CBecause catheters always cause kidney stones
4. DTo reduce the risk of catheter-associated infection

A dying patient has noisy, rattling breathing. The patient seems unaware, but the family is distressed. What is the best nursing approach?

1. AGive large volumes of IV fluid to loosen and thin the secretions
2. BPerform deep suction every hour
3. CReposition, explain the cause and give prescribed drugs if needed
4. DAsk the family to leave the room

A patient's ileostomy output is 2,5 L a day. They feel tired and dizzy and are drinking large amounts of water. Which advice is usually appropriate?

1. AStop all drinking for 24 hours
2. BDrink even more plain water and tea to replace the losses
3. CEat only fruit and fruit juice
4. DLimit plain drinks and use an oral rehydration solution