Cevaplı Dahili-cerrahi: sindirim sistemi, perioperatif ve onkoloji çalışma kâğıdı

What is an incisional hernia?

1. AA bulge of stomach through the diaphragm
2. BA swelling in the groin present from birth
3. CA bulge through a weakened surgical scar
4. DA pouch in the wall of the colon

When should pain be reassessed after giving analgesia?

1. AOnly if the patient asks for more analgesia
2. BOnly at the next routine observation round the next day
3. CWhen the drug is expected to have taken effect
4. DNever, as one assessment is enough

In TNM staging of cancer, what does "N" describe?

1. AThe number of tumours in the body
2. BSpread to nearby lymph nodes
3. CThe new cells formed after treatment
4. DThe nerve damage caused by the tumour

A patient is starting regular oral morphine. Which bowel advice is most appropriate?

1. ATake a bulk-forming laxative only with very little water
2. BStart a regular laxative at the same time
3. CStop eating fibre completely
4. DWait until there has been no stool for a week

Which lifestyle change most improves the course of Crohn's disease?

1. AStopping smoking
2. BAvoiding all exercise
3. CDrinking more coffee
4. DEating more red meat

What is a Curling's ulcer?

1. AA burn on the sole of the foot
2. BA pressure ulcer under a splint that has been left on too long
3. CA leg ulcer caused by venous disease after long bed rest
4. DA stress ulcer of the stomach or duodenum after a major burn

Which preoperative blood result should the nurse report to the team before elective surgery?

1. AFasting glucose 5,4 mmol/L (97 mg/dL)
2. BHaemoglobin 138 g/L (13,8 g/dL) in a man
3. CSodium 139 mmol/L
4. DPotassium 2,9 mmol/L

Yüksek voltajlı elektrik yaralanması olan bir hastada küçük giriş ve çıkış yaraları vardır. Neden yakın izlem gerekir?

1. ATek gerçek risk deri yaralarının hafif enfeksiyonudur
2. BElektrik yaralanmaları deri yüzeyinin altında asla hasara yol açmaz
3. CGizli kas hasarı: aritmiler, rabdomiyoliz, böbrek hasarı
4. DKüçük deri yaraları iç yaralanmanın da hafif olması gerektiğini gösterir