Cevaplı Dahili-cerrahi: nöroloji, endokrin ve böbrek çalışma kâğıdı

What is the most common cause of Cushing's syndrome?

1. ALong-term use of glucocorticoid medicines
2. BAn autoimmune attack on the adrenal glands
3. CA tumour of the adrenal medulla
4. DA lack of ACTH from the pituitary gland

Which group of features is typical of Parkinson's disease?

1. AIntention tremor, muscle wasting and twitching under the skin
2. BResting tremor, rigidity and slow movement
3. CDrooping eyelids and double vision that get worse later in the day
4. DWeakness rising from the feet, with tingling and lost reflexes

Which group of symptoms is classic for meningitis?

1. AJoint pain, rash on the cheeks and hair loss
2. BChest pain, cough and wheeze
3. CFever, headache and neck stiffness
4. DFlank pain, fever and painful urination

After transsphenoidal pituitary surgery, which advice should the patient follow?

1. ABlow the nose often to clear any clots
2. BAvoid blowing the nose, straining and bending forward
3. CDrink through a straw to keep the nose clean
4. DLie completely flat for at least a week after surgery

An 80-year-old with angina is diagnosed with hypothyroidism. How is levothyroxine usually started?

1. AAt a full dose from the first day
2. BAs a single large weekly injection
3. COnly after the angina has been cured
4. DAt a low dose, increased slowly

ABH'li bir hastanın üriner kateteri hiçbir şey drene etmiyor. Hangi hızlı yatak başı kontrolü postrenal nedeni dışlamaya yardımcı olur?

1. AHemen büyük bir IV sıvı bolusu vermek
2. BKateterde bükülme veya tıkanıklık olup olmadığını kontrol etmek ve mesane taraması yapmak
3. CHastayı iki litre su içmeye teşvik etmek
4. DKültür için idrar örneği gönderip laboratuvar sonucunu beklemek

The nurse has four renal patients. Which one needs to be seen first?

1. AA patient with a potassium of 6,8 mmol/L who reports palpitations
2. BA patient with CKD asking about their phosphate binder
3. CA patient with mild itching from uraemia who wants a cream
4. DA patient with a creatinine slightly above their usual level

A patient with nephrotic syndrome suddenly has loin pain, blood in the urine and a rise in creatinine. What is a likely cause?

1. ANormal fluctuation in the disease
2. BToo much dietary protein
3. CA simple bladder infection
4. DRenal vein thrombosis