Cevaplı Dahili-cerrahi: nöroloji, endokrin ve böbrek çalışma kâğıdı

Which is the most important modifiable risk factor for stroke?

1. AOlder age
2. BMale sex
3. CFamily history of stroke
4. DHigh blood pressure

What is a suprapubic catheter?

1. AA catheter passed into the bladder through the urethra
2. BA tube placed into the kidney through the back
3. CA small catheter used only once and then removed
4. DA catheter put into the bladder through the abdomen

How is the headache of a subarachnoid haemorrhage typically described?

1. ASudden and severe, reaching its peak within about a minute
2. BOne-sided and throbbing, with an aura beforehand
3. CA tight band around the head that comes and goes
4. DSlowly worsening over several weeks, worst in the morning

Which picture fits Brown-Séquard syndrome?

1. AParalysis of both legs, with normal sensation everywhere in the body
2. BWeakness on the same side and loss of pain on the opposite side
3. CLoss of all feeling but normal movement on both sides
4. DWeakness of both arms with normal strength in the legs

A patient with migraine takes painkillers or triptans on most days and now has a headache almost every day. What is the likely problem?

1. AAn allergy to the painkillers
2. BA brain tumour, which is almost certain
3. CMedication overuse headache
4. DNormal progress of migraine

Bir hastanın kontrolü zor hipertansiyonu ve diüretik kullanmadığı halde süregelen düşük potasyumu vardır. Hangi durum düşünülmelidir?

1. APrimer hiperaldosteronizm (Conn)
2. BPrimer adrenal yetmezlik (Addison)
3. CPrimer hipotiroidi
4. DSantral diabetes insipidus

Akut tübüler nekrozdan iyileşen bir hasta poliürik evreye giriyor ve günde 4 L'nin üzerinde idrar yapıyor. Başlıca hemşirelik endişesi nedir?

1. ADistandü mesanede idrar retansiyonu
2. BDüşük potasyum ve sodyumla birlikte dehidratasyon
3. CFazla insülinin neden olduğu hipoglisemi
4. DYüksek potasyum düzeyleriyle birlikte sıvı yüklenmesi

A patient taking an SGLT2 inhibitor is booked for major surgery. Which statement is correct?

1. ASurgery is not possible in patients taking this drug
2. BThe drug must be taken right up until the operation starts
3. CIt is usually paused in the days before surgery
4. DThe dose is usually doubled on the morning of surgery