Cevaplı Dahili-cerrahi: nöroloji, endokrin ve böbrek çalışma kâğıdı

Böbrek yetmezliğinin tehlikeli bir komplikasyonu olan elektrolit bozukluğu hangisidir?

1. AHipernatremi
2. BHiperkalemi
3. CHiperkalsemi
4. DHipokalemi

Which eGFR defines stage 5 chronic kidney disease (kidney failure)?

1. ABelow 90 mL/min/1,73 m²
2. BBelow 15 mL/min/1,73 m²
3. CBelow 120 mL/min/1,73 m²
4. DBelow 60 mL/min/1,73 m²

Which statement about adult polycystic kidney disease is correct?

1. AIt is caused by repeated urinary infections
2. BIt is caused by drinking too little water
3. CIt is inherited, and cysts slowly enlarge both kidneys
4. DIt only ever affects one of the two kidneys

When the nurse squeezes the trapezius muscle, the patient brings a hand up above the collarbone towards the stimulus. Which GCS motor score is this?

1. A3, abnormal flexion
2. B4, withdraws from pain
3. C6, obeys commands
4. D5, localises to pain

Sağ hemisfer inmesi olan bir hasta tabağın sol tarafındaki yiyeceği görmezden geliyor. Bunun adı nedir?

1. ADisfaji
2. BSol taraf ihmali (neglect)
3. CEkspresif afazi
4. DSerebellar ataksi

Why can a patient with an insulin pump develop DKA within hours if the pump stops working?

1. AThe pump gives long-acting insulin, which builds up and stops working all at once
2. BThe pump gives only rapid-acting insulin, so there is no long-acting reserve
3. CThe body becomes allergic to insulin when the pump stops
4. DThe battery in the pump releases chemicals into the blood

Which patient on a stroke unit is most at risk of falling?

1. AA patient with a right-hemisphere stroke who is impulsive and denies having weakness
2. BA patient with a TIA whose symptoms resolved completely yesterday
3. CA patient with a left-hemisphere stroke who has expressive aphasia and waits for help
4. DA patient with mild dysarthria who walks steadily with a frame

A kidney transplant recipient has had vomiting and diarrhoea for two days. Why should the transplant team be contacted?

1. AThe tablets will make the vomiting stop
2. BThe kidney will start to produce far too much urine
3. CThe patient may not be absorbing their immunosuppressants
4. DVomiting proves that rejection has already happened