Робочий аркуш «Біологія для вступних іспитів на медсестринство» з відповідями

What is an organism's genotype?

1. AThe alleles it carries for a trait
2. BThe environment in which it lives
3. CThe traits that can be seen or measured
4. DThe number of cells in its body

What is cytokinesis?

1. AThe copying of DNA before division
2. BThe division of the cytoplasm into two cells
3. CThe condensing of chromosomes in prophase
4. DThe pairing of homologous chromosomes

What does it mean that a cell membrane is selectively permeable?

1. AIt lets some substances cross but not others
2. BIt lets only water molecules cross
3. CIt lets no substance cross at all
4. DIt lets every substance cross freely in both directions

Чим наукова теорія відрізняється від гіпотези?

1. AЦе широке пояснення, підкріплене великою кількістю перевірених доказів
2. BТеорія — це результат одного експерименту
3. CТеорію ніколи не можна змінити через нові дані
4. DТеорія — це припущення, яке ще не перевірялося

What is the role of oxygen in aerobic respiration?

1. AIt breaks pyruvate into lactic acid
2. BIt accepts electrons at the end of the transport chain
3. CIt is split to release the energy needed for glycolysis
4. DIt is built into glucose molecules

By which process does oxygen enter a cell and carbon dioxide leave it?

1. ASimple diffusion through the lipid bilayer
2. BActive transport by membrane pumps
3. CEndocytosis in small vesicles
4. DFacilitated diffusion through glucose carriers

A nurse notices that patients who used a new mouthwash had few mouth infections. No other patients were studied. What is most needed before concluding that the mouthwash works?

1. AA longer explanation in the report
2. BA survey asking patients if they liked it
3. CA larger bottle of the same mouthwash for each patient
4. DA comparable group that does not use the mouthwash

A patient is given a large volume of hypotonic IV fluid too quickly. What is the most likely effect on the patient's cells?

1. AWater moves out of the cells, and they shrink
2. BSalt moves into the cells, and they burst
3. CWater moves into the cells, and they swell
4. DNothing changes, because cells are not affected by IV fluid