Робочий аркуш «Інфекційний контроль і безпека пацієнтів» з відповідями

Which example shows indirect contact transmission?

1. AA mosquito bites an infected person and then a healthy one
2. BLarge droplets from a sneeze land directly on a nearby person’s face
3. CBacteria on a bed rail reach a nurse’s hands and then another patient
4. DA person inhales tiny particles that hang in the air of a room

What is the main difference between an N95 respirator and a surgical mask?

1. AAn N95 filters small airborne particles, while a surgical mask mainly blocks droplets
2. BAn N95 is only worn by patients, and surgical masks only by staff
3. CA surgical mask filters smaller particles than an N95
4. DThere is no real difference, so they can be swapped freely for any type of precautions

What is the incubation period of an infection?

1. AThe time when the person recovers and symptoms fade
2. BThe time between entry of the organism and the first symptoms
3. CThe time when the specific symptoms are at their worst
4. DThe time from the first vague symptoms to specific symptoms

A patient has a non-violent restraint. In most nursing policies, how often at minimum is it released for range of motion, toileting and skin care?

1. AOnce every 12-hour shift
2. BOnly when the patient asks for it
3. COnce a day, during the bath
4. DAt least every 2 hours

During a surgical hand scrub, how are the hands held?

1. AAbove the elbows, so water runs from the fingertips toward the elbows
2. BBelow the elbows, so water runs off the fingertips into the sink
3. CPointing downward into the sink at all times
4. DAt the level of the waist, close to the body

A patient with diabetes will use lancets and insulin needles at home. Which teaching about disposal is correct?

1. AFlush the used lancets and needles down the toilet
2. BPut them loose in the household trash bag, as long as the bag is tied shut
3. CPut them in a puncture-resistant container with a lid and follow local disposal rules
4. DRecap each needle with two hands before putting it in the kitchen trash

A patient with pneumonia has low blood pressure and a raised serum lactate. What does the raised lactate suggest?

1. APoor tissue perfusion, a sign of sepsis-related shock
2. BA normal response to having a fever
3. CRecovery from the infection is beginning
4. DMild dehydration from poor intake, with no further concern

A patient on contact precautions for MRSA has become withdrawn and says, “Everyone avoids me.” What is the best nursing action?

1. AAsk the provider for a sedative to help the patient cope
2. BStop the precautions for a few days so the patient feels less isolated and alone
3. CExplain why the precautions are needed and plan regular, unhurried time in the room
4. DKeep visits short to limit the risk of spreading MRSA