Робочий аркуш «Лабораторні показники та електроліти» з відповідями

Який типовий референтний діапазон загальної кількості лейкоцитів у дорослих?

1. AБлизько 150–400 × 10³/µL (150–400 × 10⁹/L)
2. BБлизько 25–40 × 10³/µL (25–40 × 10⁹/L)
3. CБлизько 0,5–1,0 × 10³/µL (0,5–1,0 × 10⁹/L)
4. DБлизько 4,5–11 × 10³/µL (4,5–11 × 10⁹/L)

A patient on warfarin asks what an INR of 2,0 means. Which explanation is best?

1. AYour blood takes about twice as long as normal to clot
2. BYour warfarin dose is twice what it should be
3. CYou have twice the normal number of platelets
4. DYour blood clots about twice as fast as is normal

Which form of bilirubin rises mainly when red cells are broken down faster than normal?

1. AStool bilirubin
2. BUrine bilirubin
3. CConjugated (direct)
4. DUnconjugated (indirect)

A week after a splenectomy, a patient's platelet count is 650 × 10³/µL. What is the best interpretation?

1. AA sign of new leukemia that needs immediate chemotherapy
2. BA laboratory error, because platelets fall after splenectomy
3. CAn expected rise after splenectomy that increases clot risk
4. DA sign of iron overload from the surgery and transfusion

When blood is drawn from a central venous catheter, why is a small volume of blood usually discarded first, according to policy?

1. ATo check that the catheter tip is still in the right vein
2. BTo avoid diluting the sample with flush or infusion fluid
3. CTo remove blood clots that form in all central lines
4. DTo lower the patient's hemoglobin for a blood transfusion

A tired patient with heavy menstrual periods has a normal hemoglobin and MCV but a ferritin of 8 ng/mL. What does this show?

1. AIron deficiency without anemia yet
2. BVitamin B₁₂ deficiency anemia
3. CA completely normal iron status
4. DIron overload from too much iron

A patient on a stable dose of levothyroxine now has a TSH of 9,8 mIU/L. She recently started taking her calcium and iron supplements with her morning levothyroxine. What is the most likely explanation?

1. AThe supplements are causing an overactive thyroid gland
2. BThe supplements are reducing levothyroxine absorption
3. CThe TSH is low, showing that the dose is now too high
4. DThe result is normal for a person on levothyroxine therapy

A patient on hemodialysis receives epoetin, but the hemoglobin has not risen in 2 months. Which results should be checked first?

1. AFerritin and transferrin saturation
2. BAmylase and lipase levels
3. CTSH and the free T₃ level
4. DTroponin and creatine kinase