Робочий аркуш «Лабораторні показники та електроліти» з відповідями

In a healthy adult, the CSF glucose is usually about what proportion of the blood glucose?

1. AAbout one tenth (10%)
2. BExactly the same (100%)
3. CAbout double (200%)
4. DAbout two-thirds (60%)

What does a positive direct antiglobulin test (direct Coombs test) show?

1. AAntibodies or complement are attached to the patient's red cells
2. BThe patient's plasma is missing the clotting factor VIII
3. CThe patient's red cells are too small and contain little hemoglobin
4. DThe patient's platelets are clumping together in the blood sample

A raised neutrophil count (neutrophilia) is most typical of:

1. AVitamin B₁₂ deficiency
2. BA mild viral cold
3. CHay fever and asthma
4. DAcute bacterial infection

У пацієнта, що приймає фуросемід, калій 2,9 mEq/L. Яку знахідку очікує медсестра?

1. AПоколювання навколо рота з позитивним симптомом Хвостека
2. BДіарею та спазми в животі від надмірної перистальтики
3. CВисокі гострі зубці T на ЕКГ
4. DСлабкість м'язів і судоми в ногах

A trauma patient receives 2 L of IV crystalloid. The hemoglobin falls from 13,0 to 11,4 g/dL (130 to 114 g/L), and the vital signs are now stable. Which explanation is most likely?

1. AA sudden failure of the bone marrow
2. BIncreased red cell production
3. CA laboratory error in the first sample
4. DDilution of the blood by the IV fluid

Which instruction is correct for a patient taking an oral potassium chloride supplement?

1. ACrush the extended-release tablets and mix them with a little water if needed
2. BTake it on an empty stomach with only a small sip of water to speed absorption
3. CTake it with food and a full glass of water, and do not crush extended-release tablets
4. DUse a salt substitute as well, so less of the tablet is needed each day

A patient taking isoniazid for latent TB reports nausea, loss of appetite and dark urine. The ALT is five times the upper limit of normal. What is the best action?

1. ADouble the dose to finish the treatment course more quickly
2. BHold the isoniazid and report the findings to the prescriber at once
3. CReassure the patient that dark urine is a harmless drug effect
4. DContinue the isoniazid and give it with food to settle the stomach

Two sets of blood cultures were taken from separate sites. Only one bottle in one set grows coagulase-negative staphylococci, and the patient has no line or implant. What is the most likely interpretation?

1. AProof that the patient has infective endocarditis
2. BInfection with a resistant organism such as MRSA
3. CProbable skin contamination of the sample
4. DCertain bloodstream infection needing treatment