Робочий аркуш «Медсестринство в терапії та хірургії: серцево-судинна та дихальна системи» з відповідями

What is atelectasis?

1. AFluid in the space around the lung
2. BCollapse of part of the lung so the alveoli contain no air
3. CInfection of the lung tissue causing the alveoli to fill with pus
4. DNarrowing of the airways caused by spasm of smooth muscle

Which side effect is typical of ACE inhibitors such as ramipril or lisinopril?

1. ASwelling of both ankles
2. BA fast, irregular heart rate
3. CA productive cough with green sputum
4. DA persistent dry cough

Which side effect is typical of an inhaled long-acting antimuscarinic such as tiotropium?

1. AWeight gain
2. BOral thrush
3. CDry mouth
4. DDiarrhoea

Which ECG pattern is typical of acute pericarditis?

1. AA sawtooth baseline with a regular ventricular rate
2. BTall peaked T waves with a wide QRS
3. CST elevation only in leads II, III and aVF with Q waves
4. DWidespread saddle-shaped ST elevation with PR depression

A patient with heart failure takes furosemide once a day. When is the best time to take it?

1. AAt bedtime, so the effect lasts through the night
2. BJust before the evening meal, with a large drink
3. CWhenever the ankles look swollen, on those days only
4. DIn the morning, to avoid needing the toilet at night

A patient with angle-closure glaucoma needs nebulised ipratropium. What precaution is sensible?

1. AGive it only with the patient lying completely flat
2. BRun it at the highest possible gas flow
3. CUse a mouthpiece or protect the eyes from the mist
4. DMix it with an eye drop before putting it in the nebuliser

Seconds after an intramuscular injection, a patient becomes pale, sweaty and faint, with a heart rate of 48/min. There is no rash, wheeze or swelling, and they recover quickly when laid flat. What is the most likely cause?

1. AA myocardial infarction
2. BA vasovagal reaction
3. CAnaphylaxis
4. DA tension pneumothorax

A nurse finds a patient collapsed in bed and unresponsive. What should the nurse do first?

1. ALeave the patient to fetch a defibrillator before calling anyone
2. BShout for help, open the airway and check breathing for up to 10 seconds
3. CGive two rescue breaths, then check the blood glucose before calling anyone
4. DTake a full set of observations, including temperature and blood glucose