Робочий аркуш «Медсестринство в терапії та хірургії: серцево-судинна та дихальна системи» з відповідями

Which sign often appears earliest in hypovolaemic shock in an adult?

1. AA slow, bounding pulse
2. BA rising heart rate
3. CA systolic pressure below 70 mmHg
4. DFixed, dilated pupils

What does an SpO₂ reading measure?

1. AThe total haemoglobin level
2. BThe oxygen level in the brain
3. CThe percentage of haemoglobin carrying oxygen
4. DThe amount of carbon dioxide dissolved in the blood

What is Cheyne–Stokes breathing?

1. AConstant deep, fast breathing that never changes in depth
2. BA harsh, high-pitched sound on breathing in through the throat
3. CBreathing only through pursed lips
4. DCycles of deeper then shallower breaths followed by a pause

Що таке фракція викиду?

1. AТиск у лівому шлуночку наприкінці діастолічного наповнення
2. BОб'єм крові, що викидається при кожному серцевому скороченні
3. CОб'єм крові, який серце викидає щохвилини
4. DВідсоток крові шлуночка, що викидається при кожному скороченні

A patient with heart failure is comfortable at rest but becomes breathless walking across a room. Which NYHA class fits best?

1. AClass III
2. BClass II
3. CClass IV
4. DClass I

Why is a shock for cardioversion synchronised with the QRS complex?

1. ATo make the shock less painful for the patient
2. BTo avoid delivering the shock during the T wave
3. CTo allow the use of a lower battery charge
4. DTo keep the pads from burning the skin

On the first day after abdominal surgery, a patient has a temperature of 37,8 °C, SpO₂ 93% on air and reduced breath sounds at both bases. They have stayed in bed because of pain. What is the most likely cause and response?

1. AWound infection: open the wound fully and swab it for culture
2. BNormal recovery; no action is needed
3. CAtelectasis: give analgesia, deep breathing and mobilisation
4. DPulmonary oedema: restrict all oral fluids and give a diuretic

On a ventilated patient, the end-tidal CO₂ waveform suddenly drops to zero. What should the nurse suspect first?

1. AA rise in the patient's body temperature over the last hour
2. BTube displacement, disconnection or obstruction
3. CA sudden improvement in the patient's lung function
4. DNormal variation that needs no action