Робочий аркуш «Медсестринство в терапії та хірургії: ШКТ, періопераційний період та онкологія» з відповідями

Which non-invasive test is commonly used to detect Helicobacter pylori infection?

1. AFaecal occult blood test
2. BLiver function tests
3. CSerum amylase test
4. DUrea breath test

What does the grade of a cancer describe?

1. AHow abnormal the cancer cells look under a microscope
2. BHow far the cancer has spread in the body
3. CHow many treatments the patient has had so far, including surgery
4. DThe patient's age when diagnosed

How should a patient be positioned during enteral tube feeding?

1. AWith the head of the bed raised to at least 30–45°
2. BWith the head lower than the feet
3. CLying on the stomach with the head turned to one side
4. DLying completely flat on the back with one pillow

Why is a gastrostomy tube with an internal bumper usually advanced and rotated regularly once the tract has healed?

1. ATo check that the patient is still hungry
2. BTo make the tube longer as the patient grows or gains weight
3. CTo remove any feed left in the stomach
4. DTo stop the inner bumper becoming buried in the stomach wall

A patient had an upper GI endoscopy with a local anaesthetic throat spray. What must the nurse check before giving a drink?

1. AThat the patient's blood glucose is above normal
2. BThat the patient has passed urine since the procedure
3. CThat swallowing and the gag reflex have returned
4. DThat bowel sounds are present in all four quadrants

How should a patient with facial burns usually be positioned?

1. ALying flat with the head lower than the feet
2. BWith the head of the bed raised to reduce swelling
3. CIn any position that keeps the face covered
4. DLying face down on the pillow to protect the airway

Why is an SGLT2 inhibitor such as dapagliflozin usually withheld before surgery?

1. AIt raises the risk of ketoacidosis, even with near-normal glucose
2. BIt interacts with all general anaesthetic gases and stops them working
3. CIt makes the patient's potassium dangerously high
4. DIt causes the surgical wound to bleed more

A patient with a toe ulcer says the leg pain is worse at night and eases when they hang the leg over the side of the bed. What does this suggest?

1. AVenous insufficiency
2. BLymphoedema
3. CNeuropathic itching
4. DArterial insufficiency