Робочий аркуш «Медсестринство в терапії та хірургії: нервова, ендокринна та сечовидільна системи» з відповідями

A stroke affects the anterior cerebral artery. Which weakness pattern is most typical?

1. AThe opposite leg is weaker than the arm
2. BThe opposite arm and face are weaker than the leg
3. CThe same side of the body is weak
4. DBoth legs are weak with normal arms

Which symptoms are typical of uraemia in advanced kidney disease?

1. AHeat intolerance, tremor and weight loss
2. BExcess thirst with a very high glucose
3. CItching, nausea, tiredness and poor appetite
4. DSevere flank pain with visible blood in the urine

Where should a urinary catheter drainage bag be kept?

1. AOn the floor under the bed, out of the way
2. BBelow the level of the bladder and off the floor
3. CAbove the bladder so urine flows faster
4. DOn the bed next to the patient's pillow

Which measure best prevents catheter-associated urinary tract infection?

1. ARemove the catheter as soon as it is no longer needed
2. BDisconnect the bag regularly to empty it
3. CChange the catheter for a new one every day
4. DKeep the drainage bag above bladder level

Which signs suggest rejection of a kidney transplant?

1. AA cough, wheeze and a runny nose with sneezing
2. BMore urine, a falling creatinine and weight loss
3. CLess urine, a rising creatinine and a tender graft
4. DA rash on the face after sun exposure

Which lifestyle advice best helps a patient with epilepsy reduce their seizures?

1. AKeep regular sleep and take every dose on time
2. BDrink coffee in the evening to stay alert
3. CSkip a dose on days without any warning signs
4. DAvoid all physical exercise and stay indoors

A patient with an external ventricular drain sat up in bed without help. The drain stayed at its old height, and the drainage bag filled quickly. The patient now has a headache. What is the concern?

1. AOverdrainage of CSF, so act per protocol and inform the team
2. BUnderdrainage, so the drain should be lowered further
3. CAn infected drain, so the dressing should be removed
4. DNo concern, because more drainage always lowers the ICP safely

A patient with a new arm fistula says their hand on that side is cold, pale and painful, especially during dialysis. What is the concern?

1. ASteal syndrome, which needs urgent review
2. BAn allergic reaction to the dressing on the arm
3. CNormal healing that needs no action
4. DFluid overload in the arm