Робочий аркуш «Медсестринство в терапії та хірургії: нервова, ендокринна та сечовидільна системи» з відповідями

After a head injury, a patient has bruising behind the ear over the mastoid bone. What does this suggest?

1. AA simple scalp laceration
2. BAn injury to the outer ear only
3. CA fractured jaw
4. DA fracture of the base of the skull

How is the pain of trigeminal neuralgia typically described?

1. AA dull ache across the forehead that lasts all day
2. BA throbbing pain behind one eye with nausea and aura
3. CA burning pain in both feet, worse at night
4. DSudden electric-shock pain in the face set off by light touch

Which nerve cells are damaged in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (motor neurone disease)?

1. AThe optic nerves and retina
2. BSensory nerves in the skin only
3. CThe nerves of the autonomic system only
4. DUpper and lower motor neurons

A patient with a suspected basal skull fracture needs a gastric tube. Which route is preferred?

1. AThrough the nose (nasogastric)
2. BThrough the nose with a guidewire
3. CThrough the mouth (orogastric)
4. DThrough a fine-bore nasal tube

Which side effects are common with oxybutynin for an overactive bladder?

1. AWeight loss and a fast tremor
2. BDry mouth and constipation
3. CDiarrhoea and heavy sweating
4. DA cough and a raised potassium

Why should antiepileptic drugs not be stopped suddenly?

1. AStopping them suddenly causes a dangerous rise in blood pressure
2. BThe drugs build up in the body and become toxic after stopping
3. CStopping them suddenly causes permanent damage to the liver and kidneys
4. DSudden withdrawal can trigger seizures, including status epilepticus

A patient with suspected meningitis has a GCS of 9 and pupils that have become unequal. A doctor plans an immediate lumbar puncture. What is the main concern?

1. AThe patient is too confused to stay still, so it is not needed
2. BRaised pressure in the skull, so the procedure could cause herniation
3. CA lumbar puncture would spread the infection to the blood
4. DThere is no concern, because the lumbar puncture lowers pressure safely

A patient with acromegaly snores loudly, stops breathing at times in sleep and is sleepy during the day. What is most likely?

1. AAn anxiety disorder
2. BNarcolepsy
3. CObstructive sleep apnoea
4. DNormal snoring