Робочий аркуш «Фармакологія» з відповідями

What does "polypharmacy" mean?

1. AA pharmacy that stocks many different brands of the same drug
2. BTaking one drug in several different forms
3. CUsing a drug at a very high dose
4. DThe use of many medicines at the same time, often five or more

How does activated charcoal work in poisoning?

1. AIt binds (adsorbs) the poison in the gut so less is absorbed
2. BIt neutralises acids in the blood
3. CIt speeds up liver metabolism of the poison
4. DIt makes the patient vomit the poison before it is absorbed

Which adverse effect can follow long-term use of strong topical corticosteroids?

1. AIncreased hair loss on the scalp
2. BPermanent darkening of the nails
3. CThickening of the skin
4. DThinning of the skin

When does oseltamivir give the most benefit in influenza?

1. AWhen started within 48 hours of the first symptoms
2. BAt any time, as the timing makes no difference
3. COnly after a bacterial pneumonia has developed
4. DOnly after symptoms have lasted at least one week

How is adenosine given for supraventricular tachycardia?

1. AAs a rapid IV push followed by a fast saline flush
2. BAs a tablet under the tongue
3. CAs an intramuscular injection into the outer thigh muscle
4. DAs a slow infusion over one hour

A patient starting niacin (nicotinic acid) complains of flushing and warmth after doses. Which advice may reduce this?

1. ATake the niacin with a hot drink so that it dissolves and acts faster
2. BDouble the dose to build tolerance faster
3. CTake it on an empty stomach in a hot bath
4. DTake aspirin 30 minutes before the niacin, if the prescriber agrees

Lithium taken in the first trimester of pregnancy has been linked to which type of birth defect?

1. ACleft lip and palate only
2. BHeart malformations, such as Ebstein's anomaly
3. CLimb defects similar to thalidomide
4. DNeural tube defects such as spina bifida

A drug is ordered at 5 micrograms/kg/min for an 80 kg patient. The infusion contains 1,600 micrograms per mL. What rate in mL/h is needed?

1. A15 mL/h
2. B25 mL/h
3. C150 mL/h
4. D4 mL/h