Робочий аркуш «Фармакологія» з відповідями

Infliximab and adalimumab are biological drugs that block:

1. AInsulin receptors
2. BVitamin K recycling
3. CHistamine H1 receptors in the skin and airways
4. DTumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha)

Methylphenidate, used in ADHD, belongs to which class?

1. AOpioid analgesics
2. BAntipsychotics (dopamine blockers)
3. CCentral nervous system stimulants
4. DBenzodiazepines

Which antibiotic group shares the beta-lactam ring with penicillins?

1. AMacrolides
2. BCephalosporins
3. CTetracyclines
4. DAminoglycosides

Why is a spacer recommended with a metered-dose inhaler?

1. AMore drug reaches the lungs and less stays in the mouth
2. BIt turns the inhaler into a nebuliser
3. CIt removes the need to shake the inhaler
4. DIt doubles the dose of drug released by each puff of the inhaler

Як гепарин чинить антикоагулянтну дію?

1. AВін посилює антитромбін, що інактивує тромбін і фактор Xa
2. BВін розщеплює фібрин в утворених тромбах
3. CВін блокує вітамін K-залежний синтез факторів згортання в печінці
4. DВін незворотно пригнічує ЦОГ-1 тромбоцитів

1000 mL of IV fluid is to be given over 8 hours with a pump. What rate should be set?

1. A80 mL/h
2. B250 mL/h
3. C125 mL/h
4. D100 mL/h

A patient taking azathioprine is prescribed allopurinol for gout. What is the main danger?

1. ALiver enzyme induction, making azathioprine ineffective
2. BGout becomes worse because allopurinol is inactivated by azathioprine
3. CSevere bone marrow suppression, because azathioprine breakdown is reduced
4. DSevere hypertension from the combination

A patient with myasthenia gravis took extra pyridostigmine doses. She now has increasing weakness, heavy salivation, sweating, small pupils and diarrhoea. What is the most likely cause?

1. ACholinergic crisis from too much anticholinesterase drug
2. BAn allergic reaction to pyridostigmine
3. CA stroke unrelated to the medication
4. DMyasthenic crisis from too little anticholinesterase drug