Робочий аркуш «Фармакологія» з відповідями

What is an "adjuvant analgesic"?

1. AA drug that reverses the effects of opioids
2. BA drug for another condition that also relieves some pain
3. CA placebo given to test whether pain is real
4. DA strong opioid used only for severe pain at the end of life

How do second-generation antihistamines such as cetirizine and loratadine differ from older ones?

1. AThey are given only by injection
2. BThey block H2 receptors in the stomach
3. CThey work only on the skin
4. DThey cause much less drowsiness

Лоперамід використовують для лікування:

1. AДіареї
2. BПечії
3. CЗакрепу
4. DНудоти

Which lab tests are monitored in a patient taking carbamazepine?

1. AFull blood count and serum sodium
2. BThyroid antibodies and cortisol
3. CSerum amylase and lipase
4. DINR and aPTT

Why are patients taking simvastatin often advised to avoid large amounts of grapefruit juice?

1. AGrapefruit inhibits CYP3A4 in the gut, raising simvastatin levels and myopathy risk
2. BGrapefruit speeds up simvastatin breakdown in the liver, so the drug stops working
3. CGrapefruit makes the tablet dissolve in the mouth
4. DGrapefruit blocks cholesterol absorption and causes low cholesterol

What should the nurse teach a patient starting nitrofurantoin?

1. ATake it with food, and the urine may turn dark yellow or brown
2. BExpect blue urine, which shows that the drug is working well
3. CTake it on an empty stomach with an antacid
4. DStop it as soon as the burning settles

How does levonorgestrel emergency contraception mainly work?

1. AIt delays or prevents ovulation
2. BIt kills sperm in the vagina
3. CIt ends an established pregnancy
4. DIt causes an immediate period

У пацієнта на дигоксині та фуросеміді з'являються нудота, порушення зору та нерегулярний пульс. Яке порушення електролітів найімовірніше сприяло дигоксиновій токсичності?

1. AГіпернатріємія
2. BГіперкаліємія
3. CГіпокаліємія
4. DГіпокальціємія