Робочий аркуш «Фармакологія» з відповідями

Finasteride is used in benign prostatic hyperplasia because it:

1. AKills bacteria in the prostate
2. BRelaxes smooth muscle in the prostate within hours of the first dose
3. CInhibits 5-alpha reductase and slowly shrinks the prostate
4. DIncreases testosterone production

How long does it usually take for an SSRI to improve mood noticeably?

1. ASeveral weeks
2. BOne or two days
3. CAbout six months
4. DA few hours

Venlafaxine belongs to which class of antidepressants?

1. AMonoamine oxidase inhibitors
2. BSelective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
3. CTricyclic antidepressants
4. DSerotonin–noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs)

Що описує кліренс ліків?

1. AЧас, потрібний, щоб ліки повністю зникли з плазми
2. BКількість ліків, видалених за один сеанс діалізу
3. CОб'єм плазми, що очищується від ліків за одиницю часу
4. DЧастку дози, що всмоктується

A child is starting methylphenidate for ADHD. Which advice is appropriate?

1. AExpect weight gain as the main side effect
2. BGive doses early in the day and monitor appetite and growth
3. CGive the last dose at bedtime to help the child sleep
4. DGive the drug only at weekends

A transplant patient takes tacrolimus. Which monitoring is most important?

1. AThyroid function and bone density
2. BSerum amylase
3. CPeak expiratory flow
4. DBlood drug levels and kidney function

A ventilated ICU patient receives vecuronium, a neuromuscular blocker. Why must sedation and pain relief also be given?

1. ASedatives are needed to prevent vecuronium from causing seizures and agitation
2. BVecuronium causes severe pain at the injection site
3. CVecuronium stops working unless a sedative is also given
4. DNeuromuscular blockers paralyse muscles but do not cause sedation or analgesia

A patient on long-term prednisolone has been vomiting for two days and could not take her tablets. She is now hypotensive and confused, with low sodium and high potassium. What is the most urgent treatment?

1. AOral prednisolone with a glass of water
2. BIV insulin with glucose only
3. CIV hydrocortisone and IV fluids
4. DIV furosemide