Phiếu bài tập Điều dưỡng lâm sàng có đáp án

The term "pyrexia" means:

1. AA fast breathing rate
2. BA low body temperature
3. CA raised body temperature
4. DA slow heart rate

Why should insulin injection sites be rotated?

1. ATo prevent lumpy fatty areas that make absorption unpredictable
2. BTo stop the insulin from freezing under the skin
3. CBecause insulin causes the skin to bleed if one site is used often
4. DTo make the insulin work more slowly and evenly every time

The term "proteinuria" means:

1. ALow protein in the blood
2. BPainful passing of urine
3. CToo much protein in the diet
4. DProtein in the urine

Why must a patient with a new coronary stent not stop their antiplatelet medicines without specialist advice?

1. AThe stent will dissolve if the drugs are stopped before the course ends
2. BStopping causes immediate kidney failure
3. CStopping early greatly increases the risk of a clot forming in the stent
4. DStopping causes severe low blood pressure

A patient is started on spironolactone while already taking an ACE inhibitor. Which blood result should be watched most closely?

1. ACalcium, because both drugs lower it
2. BSodium, because both drugs raise it sharply
3. CPotassium, because both drugs can raise it
4. DGlucose, because both drugs cause hyperglycaemia

A nurse finds a patient lying on the floor beside the bed. What should be done first?

1. ACheck the patient for injuries before moving them
2. BPhone the patient's family
3. CComplete the incident report form
4. DLift the patient straight back into bed so they are comfortable

A hypotensive postoperative patient is given a fluid bolus. Which findings suggest a good response?

1. AThe capillary refill time becomes longer
2. BThe heart rate rises further and the patient becomes more confused
3. CThe heart rate falls, blood pressure rises and urine output improves
4. DThe respiratory rate rises and new lung crackles appear

Why should chronic hypernatraemia be corrected gradually?

1. ALowering the sodium too fast can cause cerebral oedema
2. BFast correction causes severe hyperkalaemia
3. CSlow correction is only needed in children
4. DFast correction causes osmotic demyelination from swelling of the kidneys