Phiếu bài tập Điều dưỡng lâm sàng có đáp án

The term "haemoptysis" means:

1. APassing blood in the urine
2. BCoughing up blood
3. CVomiting blood
4. DA nosebleed

Dấu hiệu nào trong quá trình lành vết thương gợi ý nhiễm trùng?

1. ANgứa nhẹ khi vết thương liền lại
2. BHơi hồng và ấm ở mép vết thương vào ngày thứ 2
3. CĐỏ, nóng, sưng và có mủ tăng dần
4. DHình thành vảy khô

Why must patients and visitors never smoke or use naked flames near oxygen therapy?

1. AOxygen makes things burn much more easily and fiercely
2. BSmoke blocks the oxygen tubing and stops the flow
3. CFlames make the oxygen less effective
4. DOxygen turns cigarette smoke into a poisonous gas

What happens in third-degree (complete) heart block?

1. AThe atria beat chaotically with no P waves, and the ventricular rate is irregular
2. BEvery impulse reaches the ventricles, but each one is slightly delayed
3. CThe ventricles beat very fast and regularly
4. DNo impulses from the atria reach the ventricles, so they beat independently

Which type of painkiller should a patient with liver cirrhosis usually avoid?

1. AHot packs applied to a painful joint
2. BNon-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen
3. CParacetamol (acetaminophen), given in a carefully reduced and monitored dose
4. DLocal anaesthetic creams

What should a patient be told before using sublingual glyceryl trinitrate (GTN, nitroglycerin) spray for angina?

1. ASit down before using it, as it can cause dizziness and low blood pressure
2. BSwallow the spray rather than leaving it under the tongue
3. CUse it only after the pain has lasted over an hour, with the patient lying flat
4. DTake it with a large glass of milk to protect the stomach lining

A patient with a confirmed pulmonary embolism is started on anticoagulation. Which statement best explains its purpose?

1. AIt stops the clot growing and prevents new clots while the body breaks it down
2. BIt thins the blood so that the lungs absorb more oxygen
3. CIt is mainly given to lower the blood pressure
4. DIt dissolves the clot completely within minutes of the first dose being given

After a head injury, a patient passes very large volumes of dilute urine and the serum sodium is rising. What is most likely?

1. ADiabetes insipidus
2. BAcute kidney injury
3. CDiabetes mellitus
4. DSyndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion